1. Temperature range and optimal temperature The embryo development will be inhibited below a certain temperature during incubation. Above a certain temperature, the embryo will begin to develop. This temperature is called "physiological zero" and is also called the critical temperature. It is believed that the physiological zero of the chicken is approximately 23.9°C. At the same time, the embryonic development has a certain adaptability to the ambient temperature. Taking the chicken as an example, the temperature will be between 35 and 40.5°C. There will be some kinds of eggs hatching chickens. There is an optimum temperature in this temperature range between “35 and 40.5° C.â€. The ambient temperature should be kept at 24 to 26° C. The optimal temperature is 1 to 19 days at 37.8° C., and the hatching period is 19 to 21 days at 36.9 to. 37.2°C.
2. Ambient temperature The ambient temperature has a certain influence on the incubation. The level of the ambient temperature mainly affects the accuracy of the temperature control in the incubation. In production, it is generally flexible according to different regions and seasons. Incubation at constant temperature and incubation at variable temperatures are two hatching methods that are often used depending on the ambient temperature. Incubation at constant temperature and incubation at variable temperatures can achieve good results if operated properly. Incubation at constant temperature is maintained at a temperature of 1 to 19 days in the incubation, such as: 37.8 °C; while at 19 to 21 days at 37.2 °C, incubation at a constant temperature has a higher requirement for the environment of incubation, and the ambient temperature should be maintained at 22 to 26 °C. Between, and to be well ventilated.
Variable temperature incubation is based on the type of incubator, temperature of the incubator, and the age of the embryo, giving different temperatures. If the ambient temperature is lower than 20°C, the incubation temperature may be 0.5 to 0.7°C higher than the optimum temperature; if the ambient temperature is higher than 30°C, the incubation temperature may be lowered to 0.2 to 0.6°C.
3. The effect of humidity on temperature The relative humidity has a great influence on the development of the embryo. The humidity is related to the evaporation of water in the egg and the metabolism of the embryo. During incubation, there is a certain amount of interaction between temperature and humidity. A high temperature in the early stage of incubation requires a low humidity. When the humidity is high, a low temperature is required. Generally, the humidity should be increased after the disk is dropped, and the temperature must be lowered. In actual production, high temperature and high humidity should be prevented at the same time, because high temperature and high humidity will lead to unobstructed exhaust, which will increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the incubator and affect the development of the embryo.
4. The nature of poultry eggs Different breeders have different incubation temperatures. The temperature before the browning, the forced moulting, and the egg shell thickness and egg weight should be slightly higher at the early stage of incubation and lower at the later stage, which can differ by 0.1 to 0.2°C.
5. Look at fetal Schwann embryo development at different times has its own characteristics, according to the egg is to check the development of the embryo, production can be based on the results of the eggs in time to understand the development of the embryo. If abnormalities occur as a result of the eggs, hatching solutions should be adjusted in time. Egg hatching should capture the characteristics of two typical periods, namely closing time and closing time. After 10 to 11 days of incubation, both ends of the normally developed hypodermic egg allantoic blood vessels should be closed at the ends. If the end of the 11th day, most embryonated eggs have been closed or developed faster, indicating that the temperature is too high and needs to be lowered by 0.2°C; At the end of the 11th day, only a small part of the eggs can be closed. The temperature may be low and should be increased by 0.1 to 0.3°C. The closure time is 17 days. When the eggs are laid, dark hair is dark and opaque. If the light transmission area is large, the temperature needs to be increased by 0.2°C. If a small number of embryonic eggs appear to tilt to one side, it indicates that the embryo develops too quickly and the temperature should be reduced to 0.2 to 0.5 °C.
6. The relationship between temperature and ventilation The gas exchange with the external environment during the embryonic development continues to increase with the increase of age, so with the continuous development of embryos to increase ventilation and ventilation. In production, the damper should be continuously increased as hatching progresses, and at the same time, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of excessive dampers, resulting in excessive ventilation and the inability to maintain the temperature.
2. Ambient temperature The ambient temperature has a certain influence on the incubation. The level of the ambient temperature mainly affects the accuracy of the temperature control in the incubation. In production, it is generally flexible according to different regions and seasons. Incubation at constant temperature and incubation at variable temperatures are two hatching methods that are often used depending on the ambient temperature. Incubation at constant temperature and incubation at variable temperatures can achieve good results if operated properly. Incubation at constant temperature is maintained at a temperature of 1 to 19 days in the incubation, such as: 37.8 °C; while at 19 to 21 days at 37.2 °C, incubation at a constant temperature has a higher requirement for the environment of incubation, and the ambient temperature should be maintained at 22 to 26 °C. Between, and to be well ventilated.
Variable temperature incubation is based on the type of incubator, temperature of the incubator, and the age of the embryo, giving different temperatures. If the ambient temperature is lower than 20°C, the incubation temperature may be 0.5 to 0.7°C higher than the optimum temperature; if the ambient temperature is higher than 30°C, the incubation temperature may be lowered to 0.2 to 0.6°C.
3. The effect of humidity on temperature The relative humidity has a great influence on the development of the embryo. The humidity is related to the evaporation of water in the egg and the metabolism of the embryo. During incubation, there is a certain amount of interaction between temperature and humidity. A high temperature in the early stage of incubation requires a low humidity. When the humidity is high, a low temperature is required. Generally, the humidity should be increased after the disk is dropped, and the temperature must be lowered. In actual production, high temperature and high humidity should be prevented at the same time, because high temperature and high humidity will lead to unobstructed exhaust, which will increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the incubator and affect the development of the embryo.
4. The nature of poultry eggs Different breeders have different incubation temperatures. The temperature before the browning, the forced moulting, and the egg shell thickness and egg weight should be slightly higher at the early stage of incubation and lower at the later stage, which can differ by 0.1 to 0.2°C.
5. Look at fetal Schwann embryo development at different times has its own characteristics, according to the egg is to check the development of the embryo, production can be based on the results of the eggs in time to understand the development of the embryo. If abnormalities occur as a result of the eggs, hatching solutions should be adjusted in time. Egg hatching should capture the characteristics of two typical periods, namely closing time and closing time. After 10 to 11 days of incubation, both ends of the normally developed hypodermic egg allantoic blood vessels should be closed at the ends. If the end of the 11th day, most embryonated eggs have been closed or developed faster, indicating that the temperature is too high and needs to be lowered by 0.2°C; At the end of the 11th day, only a small part of the eggs can be closed. The temperature may be low and should be increased by 0.1 to 0.3°C. The closure time is 17 days. When the eggs are laid, dark hair is dark and opaque. If the light transmission area is large, the temperature needs to be increased by 0.2°C. If a small number of embryonic eggs appear to tilt to one side, it indicates that the embryo develops too quickly and the temperature should be reduced to 0.2 to 0.5 °C.
6. The relationship between temperature and ventilation The gas exchange with the external environment during the embryonic development continues to increase with the increase of age, so with the continuous development of embryos to increase ventilation and ventilation. In production, the damper should be continuously increased as hatching progresses, and at the same time, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of excessive dampers, resulting in excessive ventilation and the inability to maintain the temperature.
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