1. Purpose of trim
Maintain a strong tree, adjust the distribution of light, make the tree airy and light, branches see light. Keep updating the branches and keep the branches strong and longevity. Overcome size and annual results to ensure high yields and harvests in successive years.
2. Pruning principle
(1) Reducing sparsely, zooming in and out. Use retraction methods for large branches as much as possible, and generally do not eliminate the roots. (2) The use of strong, sparse, loose, and shrinking controls. The upper branch exhibition must not be larger than the lower branch exhibition 1/2. (3) Branches should be replaced by rotation to prevent baldness. (4) To create articles in small years, put articles in large numbers, and adjust the amount of flowers to prevent the results of the next year. Adjust the relationship between growth results, so that the tree yield, stable production, prolong the full fruit period, postponing the onset of the aging period. (5) The crown of the tree should be small and large, and the outer part should be thin and dense. The branch should be compact. The distance between two main branches reaches about 150 cm. Drain the inter-layer auxiliary branches to facilitate the growth and ventilation of the lower litchi.
3. Pruning method
(1) The big and middle branches are reduced by sparseness, combined with reshrinking and lightening, and the adjacent branches are long and short. For large and medium branches, we must also pay attention to support, pull, hoist, and reasonable layout. Dividing branches between layers should be retracted year by year, and the spacing between layers should be opened.
(2) For strong and weak hollow trees, control the height of the head and open the angle. Sparse, put, shrink combined. Drop the head to stay on the branch. Branches should be treated in stages, with the periphery being shrunk and the internal litchi group consolidated. The main lateral branch angle should be opened properly.
(3) Zoom and combine, update in time, pay special attention to the renewal and rejuvenation of the lychee group.
(4) Short fruit bunches (chicken claw sticks) should go weak and stay strong, go far to stay near, and stay straight. The combination of sparse and broken flower buds is sparse. The combination of thinning and ring marks is a short cut. In normal years, the amount of branches to be controlled is 20% to 30%, the top 20% to 30%, 25% to the outer layer, 25% to the top of the broken flower, 30% to the internal sparse, and 30% to the top of the broken flower. For weak branches that do not form flower buds, cut and rejuvenate at the ring marks.
(5) Regardless of whether it is a big year or an average year, the annual branch should be pruned on the principle of being free and empty. Adjacent to the branches, full and robust chicken claws should be removed from the branches of the year; weak and thin ones should be left with their own year-old branches.
(6) The size of annual adjustment cuts. In order to adjust the size, you have to start from an early age, try to stay as much as you can, and pay attention to building your own. In the year of birth, we have established a year-old, year-round branch, a large branch, and an article, which reduces the number of flower buds in the year. In the year of the year, the annual sticks are not cut and they are promoted to form a string of flowers to increase the number of young flowers. Flowering buds are used for many years, and the load is reasonable. Many flower buds are broken and flowers are exchanged to ensure that there are enough flower buds in the young year. Sparse flowers, thinning fruit, ensure reasonable load, high yield, stable production and high quality year after year.
(7) Distribution and shearing of whole-tree fruit branches According to the experience, after harvest, the fruit branch of Pear fruit should be accounted for about 1/3 of the total branches, and the amount of branches left per mu should be about 40,000. During pruning, the leaders of each tree, the lateral branches, and the large and mid-supplemented branches can be regarded as an independent result unit, and then the outer (or upper), middle, and inner (or lower) sections of the daily branches are divided into three. In the segment, according to the characteristics of apricot with apex growth and easy to produce external strong and weak, strong and weak, and after the aging of tree vigor, it is easy to form a branch without guilt, and the result depends on the characteristics of the outer edge, and the distribution and retention of whole fruit branches. From the outside to the inside, from top to bottom, it can be: the golden tree (30 to 50 per cent of the peripheral shoots). The outer (or upper) branch of each Dafeng branch accounts for 50% of the total branches, and the middle fruit branch takes up the total branch amount. 30% of the internal tinea (or lower) fruit branches account for 20% of the total branches; Zhuang shu (peripheral shoots above 50 cm) peripheral (or upper) accounts for 60% of the total branches; the middle accounts for 40%; (or lower part) accounted for 30%; weak tree (less than 30 cm in peripheral shoots) peripheral (or upper part) accounted for 40% of the total branch; middle part accounted for 20%; inner part (or lower part) accounted for 10%. In this way, it can not only suppress the crown, but also inhibit the advantages of the apex, facilitate the consolidation of the litchi group within the fruit tree, and achieve high quality, high yield, and stable production for successive years.
Weixian Forestry Bureau
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