Human excrement is a kind of organic liquid fertilizer with wide source, high nutrient content and quick fertilizer effect.
With nutrient all (N, P, K, etc.), high nitrogen content, fast decomposition (6-7 days in summer), easily absorbed by crops. Therefore, manure and urine are known as fine manure in organic fertilizers. Therefore, the management and application of good human excreta is an inexpensive and high-yielding measure to increase agricultural income, strengthen ground strength, and increase crop yields. Human fecal urine is easily decomposed into nitrogen, which is an extremely volatile substance. If it is improperly stored and handled, it easily loses nutrients and reduces the quality of human waste. Only the proper storage and management of human fecal urine can both improve the efficiency of fertilizers, reduce nutrient losses, reduce the spread of germs and eggs, and improve environmental health and human and animal health. Therefore, good management of human excrement is indeed an agricultural technology measure that cannot be ignored.
1, to improve the pit environment. Dung pits should be built in a high-altitude, sheltered from the shade, and made of masonry, cement, to prevent the loss of fecal leakage. Dirt pits should be diluted with appropriate water to reduce the concentration and temperature, while stamped in the pit, to prevent wind and sun exposure and ammonia volatilization. According to the test, the pit (cylinder) is capped, which can reduce the loss of nitrogen by 48%-60%.
2, increase the nitrogen retention material.
Adding nitrogen and nitrogen-retaining substances such as straw, litter, dry earth, peat, and turf, which absorb ammonia and strong urine, into human waste, and participate in the incorporation of fecal urine as a cover, can significantly reduce nitrogen loss. It can also add 3-5% of superphosphate or gypsum to make ammonium carbonate, the unstable active ingredient in human waste, become a more stable compound fertilizer-ammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfate, which reduces the loss of ammonia and supplements it. Phosphorus and other nutrients in human waste are good things to do in one fell swoop. For the purpose of nitrogen and deodorization, adding some green hydrazine (ferrous sulphate) to human waste can combine with the odor of hydrogen sulphide in human waste to produce odor-free ferrous sulfide, which is more suitable for use in urban and suburban areas. .
3, scientific management of excrement, most of the urine mixed with ash. It is extremely unscientific for rural people to use grass and wood ash in human urine to absorb urine and odors, or to mix and mix human urine with plant ash, which must be changed as soon as possible. The main component of plant ash is potassium carbonate, which is alkaline after seeping in water. Contact with human urine or mixing and mixing will accelerate the loss of nitrogen. The scientific research department tested that the plant ash was mixed with human fecal urine 1:1.5. After 3 days of storage, the loss of nitrogen was 27.4%. After 3 months of storage, the loss of nitrogen was as high as 85.6%.
4, acquainted with human urine to prevent germs, eggs spread. Human excrement often contains a large number of infectious bacteria and parasite eggs, easy to infect a variety of diseases, suburban vegetable areas in the application of human excreta, must be sanitized, using capping tanning, sealed accumulation and drug disinfection methods Make it fully decomposed to kill germs, eggs, and ensure the health of humans and animals.
Human feces and urine is a fast-acting organic fertilizer based on nitrogen. The yield-increasing effects of leafy vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, leeks, Ganlan, spinach and celery are extremely significant.
For some crops, weak seedlings are transformed and upgraded, especially for the weak seedlings of wheat, and the effect of pouring or pouring 20-30 tons of diluted human excrement into the soil is more significant. Farmers in the North have the habit of ripe urine and wheat before winter and should be strongly promoted. For rape, pea, and other crops requiring more P and K, human and fecal urine should be combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to increase the yield increase. Although human waste is suitable for various soils and general crops, it should be applied cautiously on saline-alkali soil. , It is best to use water after split application, to prevent injury and damage the soil structure; for potato, sweet potato, sugar beet, tobacco and other chlorine crops, should not be applied, so as not to affect the quality of products due to human urine chloride ions, resulting in Reduced mouth-feeling, reduced sugar content, and adverse effects of reduced tobacco spiking and flammability.
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