1, the correct choice of pesticide species
At present, there are many kinds of pesticides on the market. Although many pesticides are suitable for use in tea gardens, the tea importing countries currently have strict requirements for pesticide residue standards. The pesticide species used should be selected in accordance with the changes in the maximum residue standard for pesticides in international tea. . In particular, a number of highly efficient, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides should be selected accordingly based on the agricultural residue standards established by the importing countries.
2. Strictly prohibit the use of highly toxic and high-residual pesticides
The commonly used pesticides that are banned in tea gardens are 666, DDT, insecticidal glycosides, bifenthrine, herbicidal ether, methamidophos, acephate, parathion, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, chlorophos, trichlorin. Sterols, fenvalerate. In addition, the tea gardens exported to Japan are limited to Regent, phoxim, quinoline, Doleland, thiophanate-methyl, and carbendazim; tea plants exported to the EU are restricted to endosulfan (Sadan) and diflubenzuron.
3, grasp the appropriate medication
Seizing the key period of pesticide application is the key to pest control. The first one should be applied according to the control index. When the population density or morbidity rate exceeds the prevention and control index, it is supplemented with chemical control, changing the treatment of seeing insects and treating the disease, and reducing the blind use of drugs.
The second is to use pesticides that are most sensitive to pesticides in order to achieve the best results. For example, ticks and whiteflies should master the control of egg hatching at the end of the spraying period; roller leaf moths should be applied at the larvae crimping stage; Lepidoptera leaf pests should be applied at the 3rd instar larvae stage; tea diseases should occur at the disease. Before or at the beginning of the disease, if a protective bactericide is used, it should be applied before the bacteria invade the leaves.
The third should be based on pesticide characteristics or pest activity habits to master the best spraying time. For example, Lizard weevil is most active from 2pm to dusk. Black venom moths are most active from night to morning. The time of pest activity is the best time for spraying.
4, strictly control the dosage and the number of applications
It is an important part of chemical prevention to master the correct use of pesticides. It is necessary to strictly follow the effective dosage and concentration, and do not increase the dosage arbitrarily. The number of application of pesticides should be minimized, and no pesticide should be applied in spring. Although there is a short-term good effect in increasing the amount and frequency, it will kill a large number of natural enemies, accelerate the emergence of pest resistance, and increase the amount of pesticide residues in tea.
5. Implement rotation and mixed medication
It has been proved that the use of the same or the same type of pesticide in the same tea plantation for a long period of time is becoming worse and worse. The number of times the same pesticide is used each year should not exceed two times. Rational use of pesticides can both cure and expand the scope of control, there are synergies, reduce the role of the amount of drugs, but should pay attention to the appropriate mix of pesticides, such as acidic pesticides and alkaline pesticides can not be mixed, biological pesticides and fungicides can not be mixed.
6, strictly observe the safety interval
In the face of increasing the standards for pesticide residues in tea importing countries, the safety interval of pesticides should be appropriately extended. At present, pesticides can generally be picked only after 7 days, or pesticides cannot be sprayed within 7 days before picking. As long as picking in strict accordance with the prescribed number of days after picking, can basically meet the safety allowable standards.
7, pay attention to spraying methods, improve control
First, it is about the formulation technology of pesticides. Pay attention to the method of adding water. When diluting pesticides, pesticides should be added first, then a small amount of water should be added for stirring, and then the amount of water should be added in accordance with the specified concentration to make the agents uniform and ensure the quality of use of pesticides.
The second is to pay attention to spray technology, and change the previous method of leaf spraying in the whole garden to the method of target spray; use the horizontal spraying method to prevent and control pests and diseases distributed on the canopy, and control the pests distributed on the back or middle and lower parts of the leaves. The two-way spray method is used to increase the target rate of pesticides on pests.
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