First, the key point of grape shelter from rain
1. The construction of shelters is now a semi-arched simple shelter. As shown in the figure, the row spacing is 2.5-3 meters, the column height is 2.3-2.5m, the spacing is 4-6m, the shed surface is 1.8m from the ground, the shelter is 1.5-2.0m, the arch height is 0.5-0.7m, and the wire is 3.5mm. Do the arches, the arch spacing is 0.8-1.0m.
2. Avoid rain after the rainy season. Especially during the flowering period, the fruit color change period to the maturity period, the rain protection facilities must be guaranteed. Early maturing varieties should not be uncovered early after harvesting, which can prevent downy mildew. After the rainy season is over, you can uncover the film.
3, to prevent the photo-oxidation technology to uncover the film time in the morning or afternoon, cloudy days is also a good choice. 2-3 days before the film is uncovered, the leaves sprayed with amino acid calcium fertilizer + NaHSO3, which can effectively alleviate the photooxidation of the leaves.
Second, how to avoid the cost of grape cultivation
Compared with the traditional cultivation mode, the rain-proof facilities increase the cost per mu by 3000-5000 yuan, but the rain-proof facilities can be used for more than 10 years, and the average annual cost is 300-500 yuan. However, through the use of rain-proof cultivation and supporting technology, the labor costs of new shoots, fertilizer, soil management and spraying have declined, especially the number of sprays can be reduced from 12-16 times to 6-8 times.
After adopting rain-proof cultivation, the quality of the grapes is obviously improved, and the yield of high-quality fruit is greatly increased. The price per kilogram of grapes can be increased by at least 5-10 yuan. In this way, the net profit per acre can be increased by at least 5,000 yuan. The growers in the village of Vasi Village strictly implement standardized flower and fruit management measures, and produce high-grade fruit. The price of a single ear can reach 15 yuan.
Third, the rain-fighting facilities cultivation supporting technology
1. Limited root cultivation techniques: excavation of planting ditch or planting hole, plastic film with thickness less than 0.08mm on the ditch wall on both sides of the planting ditch, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer and soil, backfilling, and then planting seedlings, this is the limit Root cultivation techniques. This can limit the root system to a certain range, the water and fertilizer are more concentrated, and can better regulate the water management of the vineyard.
2, the use of labor-saving high-efficiency tree shape, leaf curtain shape: the area that is vulnerable to freezing damage in winter, the tree shape that can be removed in winter. For the species with strong trees, the shun scaffolding is a good choice. Most varieties can be used in a single-handed one-arm "factory" shaped tree shape, combined with a "V" shaped leaf curtain. After the winter is removed, simple coverage is carried out, which saves the pain of burying the soil and preventing cold.
3, soil management: tree tray covered with mulch or reflective film, grass between rows. While saving labor, the local micro-domain environment has been improved.
4, fertilizer and water integration: isolation of natural precipitation, growers can be based on the different stages of the development of fertilizer and water demand, want to pour and pour, want to control and control, it is so capricious. But the premise is to ensure that there is water.
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