Winter and spring pepper is the most important production pass in the cultivation of pepper in the greenhouse. Seeding is usually planted from the end of August to the beginning of September, and planted in mid-November. It can be harvested and listed in the first half of January, until the summer of the second year. Combined with scientific and rational cultivation and management measures, the use of solar greenhouses for the cultivation of pollution-free peppers can achieve better economic benefits.
1. Building a greenhouse
The new energy-saving solar greenhouse has comprehensively improved the structure and environmental control technology of the original solar greenhouse. The light transmittance of energy-saving solar greenhouses is generally above 60%-80%, and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference can be maintained above 21-25 °C. Even in the severe winter season in the cold regions of the north, the production of thermophilic fruits and vegetables such as peppers can be achieved without heating or slightly warming.
There are many forms of classification for solar greenhouses. According to the classification of wall materials, it can be divided into dry-soiled soil greenhouse, masonry structure greenhouse, and composite structure greenhouse: according to the length of the back slope, it can be divided into long back slope greenhouse and short back slope greenhouse: according to the shape of the front roof, it can be divided into Two-fold, three-fold, arched, micro-arched greenhouses, etc.: According to the structure, it can be divided into bamboo and wood structure, steel-wood structure, reinforced concrete structure, all-steel structure and suspension cable structure. Classification by structure can summarize various greenhouse types, so the solar greenhouses are classified according to this.
2, choose the variety
Variety selection should consider the commodity flow and the adaptability of the variety to the solar greenhouse. Combine the requirements of commodity flow to the market for commercial peppers, and pay attention to selecting excellent varieties that are resistant to low temperature, low light, disease resistance, high yield, and high yield. At present, the main varieties are Qijiao No.1, Hongguowang, Zhongjiao No.6, Zhongjiao No.7, Sweet Pepper Zhongjiao No.5, Jingtian No.3 and so on.
3, sowing seedlings
Winter and spring greenhouse pepper cultivation is generally sown from mid-August to early September.
4, fertilizing the whole
Foot hoe, foot fertilizer and deep ploughing are important conditions for the cultivation of winter and spring chillies in the solar greenhouse. The cultivation of pepper in the greenhouse is very demanding on the base fertilizer. Generally, 8,000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu is applied, 50 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of decomposed cake, 40 kg of potassium chloride and 20 kg of urea. Deeply turn the fertilizer into the soil and mix it with the soil. It can be cultivated with flat mulch, the width of the glutinous rice is 60-65 cm, the width of the sulcus is 30 cm, and a groove of 10 cm deep and 20 cm wide is opened in the middle of the sorghum surface to make the film under the membrane. The kneading surface can be made into a micro-slope surface with a low south and a high north to increase the light and increase the soil temperature.
It is also often cultivated with small high ridges, generally ridge width 70-75 cm, groove width 50 cm, ridge height 15 cm, 2 rows per ridge, 40 cm hole spacing, 2 plants per hole. Planting 3200-3400 points per acre, planting about 6500 pepper seedlings, and the front part of the greenhouse is thin.
5. Scientific colonization
When planting, the soil temperature should not be lower than 15 °C. Planting should be carried out on a sunny morning, and all preparations should be made in advance to end the planting work around 14:00. Planting can be planted after ditching and watering, that is, shallow ditch 10 cm deep in row spacing, 2-3 days before planting, water is poured first, and water is sealed and not ventilated to increase soil temperature. It can also be watered after planting to facilitate rooting.
6, temperature management
The temperature management of the greenhouse in winter and spring is very important. The cultivation techniques of winter peppers are not ventilated or pass through a small wind before the seedlings are planted, and the high temperature and high humidity environment are maintained for about 7 days to promote slow seedlings and hair growth. After the seedlings are slowed down, the ventilation is controlled to control the temperature. The shed temperature keeps the daytime temperature of 26-28 °C, nighttime 16-18 °C, 10 cm soil temperature above 10 °C. The temperature before the curtain is 10-14 °C. As the pepper enters the final stage, the temperature begins to decrease and the insulation work needs to be strengthened.
Especially in the cold regions of the north, it is necessary to increase the temperature, keep warm and increase the light from the fruit setting to the harvesting stage. If you insist on cleaning the shed film every day, put the grass buds early to maintain the night temperature, and increase the number of grass mites to increase the night temperature. Maintain a temperature of 20-25 °C during the day and 10 °C at night. After entering the spring, gradually increase the ventilation as the weather warms. Appropriate early release and late cover. It is not necessary to cover the straw during the planting period of the open field cultivation. After the minimum outside temperature is stable at 15 °C, the foot film is uncovered and it is ventilated day and night.
7, fertilizer management
After the slow seedlings, according to the soil moisture. The high-ridge cultivation can be poured into the small water 1-2 times, and the water is poured into the water, and then the seedlings are poured. Watering is selected on a sunny morning. Foliar spray application with 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the slow seedling period is conducive to hair rooting. If the seedling is too weak, the foliar spray of sugar nitrogen solution (0.2% urea plus 1% glucose) promotes the effect.
After the pepper is seated, the first top dressing is combined with watering. Each acre can be poured with water 2000 kg of fermented manure or 15 kg of ammonium nitrate and 8-10 kg of potash. After every 15-20 days, water should be poured once every -20 times according to the situation. After every 7-10 days, the water should be poured once every spring, and the fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulfate should be applied with water every time. Fertilizer should be used interchangeably. Appropriate application of carbon dioxide can significantly increase the yield of peppers after the peppers enter the peak period. The application of carbon dioxide should be strictly controlled, the application concentration and application time. The concentration is generally 550-750 mg/L, and the dosage per mu is 0.18-0.98 kg. The application time should be controlled shortly after sunrise and stopped about 1 hour before ventilation. Apply.
Vitamins are a type of trace organic substances that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. They play an important role in human growth, metabolism and development. Vitamins do not participate in the formation of human cells in the body, nor do they provide energy for the human body. Vitamins are a class of organic compounds necessary for maintaining good health.
Our company provides group A vitamins, group B vitamins, B12, etc.
Vitamin Tablet,Food Grade Vitamin,Vitamins For Energy,Water Soluble Vitamins
XI AN RHINE BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.xianrhinebiotech.com