In the process of soil environmental protection and improvement, certain land use laws must be followed in order to give full play to the value of the soil. In the course of land protection, organic and inorganic fertilizers must be used in combination, and organic fertilizers are best used in the fertilization process. Fertilizers are dominant; in the use of fertilizers, it is necessary to distinguish the major and minor of the two. Fertilization must be carried out year by year in accordance with the actual conditions of the soil so as to continuously improve the soil fertility; the fertility and soil improvement process must be based on the actual situation in the area. Analysis of the situation, such as the stickiness of the soil in the protected area, requires the use of fertilisers containing coarser fibres for fertilization, so that soil improvement effects are more pronounced and can effectively avoid the loss of fertility.
Second, the reasons for the emergence of vegetable continuous crop obstacles
2.1 Soil secondary salinization and acidification
During the vegetable growing process, due to the neglect of the scientific use of fertilizer by vegetable farmers, secondary soil salinization and acidification are caused. For example, in order to obtain greater economic benefits, vegetable growers use excessive amounts during the annual quarterly fertilization process. The high concentration of chemical fertilizers. In this cycle of repeated use, the film is covered during the cultivation of vegetables, and the long-term fermentation produces high temperatures. Therefore, under the natural conditions, the soil of fertilizer salts evaporates and accumulates on the soil surface, thereby causing secondary salinization.
2.2 The gradual accumulation of harmful substances
Bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes are the most important microorganisms in the cultivation of vegetables. Actinomycetes have the basic function of producing antibiotics, which has an important influence on agricultural production. However, in the current agricultural production process, most of them use coverage. Membrane, in the long-term coverage of the environment, directly leads to the rapid growth of bacteria, fungi, resulting in a decrease in the number of actinomycetes, and the decline in the number of actinomycetes directly led to the rapid spread of pests and diseases in the soil, which caused continuous increase in harmful substances in the soil, It poses a great threat to agricultural production.
2.3 The plant has autotoxicity
Autotoxicity mainly refers to the toxic conditions secreted by plant roots during agricultural production. These substances mainly inhibit the decomposition of related enzymes in crops, and autotoxicity also has an inhibitory effect on photosynthesis of crops, thus inhibiting the growth of crops. Effects, such as tomatoes, eggplants, watermelons and other crops, such as the continuous cultivation of watermelon in the same plot, the second year of the roots of watermelon nematodes, resulting in watermelon seedlings die. Therefore, necessary measures must be taken to promote the steady development of the agricultural economy in the vegetable growing process at this stage.
Third, the analysis of the guarantee technology of land continuous cropping
3.1 Implementing Crop Rotation
During the vegetable growing process, the farmers must analyze the root growth needs of the vegetables so as to formulate a scientific planting plan to avoid the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles caused by single planting. In the process of vegetable cultivation, the vegetable growers must handle roots in time to absorb the same fertility. The crops avoid the occurrence of the same conditions of absorption of fertility during the cultivation of vegetables, such as the mode of crop rotation in the cultivation of vegetables, and the rotation of potatoes, tomatoes, etc. to ensure that the soil has high productivity.
3.2 Carry out corresponding deep fertilization
The corresponding treatment of the soil plays an important role in the vegetable growing process. In the current stage of agricultural production process, this link must be emphasized. In the late harvest period of each crop, the soil must be deeply turned over so that it can effectively deal with the accumulation of toxins. A situation; through effective deep-dipping fertilization can achieve the function of soil conservation, according to statistical data, through effective deep-dip treatment, the soil water storage capacity can increase by about 30%; through deep-dip treatment can make organic fertilizer to better play Give it its due value so as to avoid the fertility decline during the use of fertilizer.
3.3 fallow
After planting crops once a year, the whole garden of weeds and crop manuscripts are cleaned and disinfected and buried. After the plants are buried, they are no longer planted with other crops, allowing the soil to fully expose to sunlight and dripping rain, in the following year. In February, we planted the crop again.
3.4 Take effective chemical measures
During greenhouse cultivation, such as planting watermelons in the first quarter, soil acidification occurs in the third quarter. Under such conditions, effective chemical measures can be taken. For example, microbial preparations and techniques can be used in the early stage of vegetable cultivation, combined with some organic fertilizers. In order to effectively change soil problems, it is necessary to pay attention to the survival rate of microorganisms in the treatment process, ensure that the soil has a high self-regulation capacity, and pay attention to the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the soil treatment process, only to ensure that each element remains in a scientific proportion. Within the range, we can fully display the productivity of the soil.
IV. Conclusion
The analysis of the obstacles to continuous cropping of vegetables is finished, and protection and soil remediation are important ways to increase their productivity. In the process of growing vegetables, basic management work must be done, and corresponding processing work must also be done, such as the implementation of vegetable rotation, deep fertilization, fallow and other measures to ensure that the soil itself is in the best condition and effectively avoid the past vegetable cultivation process The problems in China are gradually increasing the productivity of the soil and ensuring a steady and efficient development of the vegetable growing industry.
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