The focus of many conference discussions is on energy and protein. Minerals are often overlooked. In fact, its role is very important. As the breeding of pigs to the direction of lean meat, causing them to be large bones, but very fragile, so we must pay attention to this effect on pig production performance. The number of sows in American sows increased from 8 to 20 in 20 years ago, and it will be even better in the future. Some of them have reached 14 and the sow’s milk production is also increasing. The amount of milk during the lactation period averages 9 per day. Kg, so the demand for nutrition has also undergone great changes. The elimination rate of sows in pig farms is now 30%-40%. The reason for this is largely related to nutrition.
First, gilt research on mineral demand
1. The calcium content in high lean pork is lower than that in normal pigs.
2. Low lean lean pigs and high lean lean pigs need different calcium and phosphorus ratios. The calcium content in muscle is relatively low, and calcium is mainly present in bones. Therefore, in meat, the ratio of high lean meat to high calcium porcine Relatively low. But in bones, the ratio is very stable. However, this ratio will also be altered by gene regulation.
3. The sow's demand for calcium is of particular importance. If it is not satisfied, it is very likely to result in elimination.
4. Different amounts of calcium in different parts of the muscle, the content of calcium in the hind leg is higher than the waist.
5. For the total requirement of trace elements, high lean meat pigs need higher than low lean meat pigs. But not the amount you feed is high and there are more deposits in the meat.
6. In particular, the calcium deposition is relatively late although bone development is earlier than muscle. So, although its bones are large, it is thinner. For sows, we can't let it give birth prematurely, so it's easy to eliminate sows.
Second, pregnant sows mineral needs
1. The fetal mineral deposition is mainly in 105 days - 114 days, at the same time, calcium increase faster than phosphorus.
2. Determine the level of mineral deficiency from the hooves. Normal hooves, with the toes off the ground, and the hooves behind the hooves at an angle of 65 degrees to the ground; calcium-deficient trotters, the auxiliary toes in contact with the ground, and the angle behind the hooves to the ground are small. At this time, the minerals in the feed are strengthened.
3. How to add is effective? Many companies are using injections of high-dose vitamin D, which uses calcium from the sow's bones, short-term solution to the sows' lice, but speeds up the elimination of sows. Various vitamins and minerals should be added and added in a balanced manner.
4. Iron. In the past, there were opinions that sows had problems with the transformation of the fetus's iron, resulting in iron deficiency in the piglets. In fact, it was not the ability of the sow to transform, but in general, the amount of iron was insufficient.
5. There is an important “window period†for mineral addition to pregnant sows. We must master this important period. Different minerals have different “window periodsâ€.
Third, the study of mineral needs during lactation
1. Take the example of a sow producing 11 piglets. After 10 days, the daily calcium requirement increase rate is astonishing, reaching 85g/d. Similarly, the demand for other minerals is increasing.
2. After the third child, the mineral content in the sow was changed and all the ingredients were greatly reduced.
3. How do sows supplement minerals? Can only be added by diet. The problem is adding quantity and adding form. No matter which minerals, as long as it is added in the form of sulfuric acid, its digestibility is relatively low. Excessive addition of inorganic minerals is detrimental to sows and the addition of organic minerals can be beneficial. Fat does not increase the birth weight of piglets. After pregnancy and breastfeeding, the sows have the fastest reduction in fat content. They begin to degrade 20 days before birth and continue to be reared again.
Fourth, trace elements
1. Chromium. Glucose has the effect of promoting ovulation in sows. The relationship between glucose and chromium, we have obtained through the test: adding chromium to increase the number of litter production. There is also some help in re-emotion weaning, which can shorten the interval.
2. Selenium. It can be passed from the sow's milk to the piglet. After weaning, the piglets will lack selenium. Need to be supplemented by diet. The absorption mechanism of organic selenium is consistent with that of amino acids, and it has a role in increasing the number of births and increasing the lactation force. Another important difference in the addition of organic selenium is that the selenium content in milk does not decrease with increasing parity. It can regulate oxidation and reduce peroxide.
High-yielding sows are metabolized faster, with more peroxide, and the cell's processing power is limited. After a certain number of these peroxides penetrate the cell membrane. Severe pigs can cause death. This is why high-yielding sows are more likely to die (sudden death).
First, gilt research on mineral demand
1. The calcium content in high lean pork is lower than that in normal pigs.
2. Low lean lean pigs and high lean lean pigs need different calcium and phosphorus ratios. The calcium content in muscle is relatively low, and calcium is mainly present in bones. Therefore, in meat, the ratio of high lean meat to high calcium porcine Relatively low. But in bones, the ratio is very stable. However, this ratio will also be altered by gene regulation.
3. The sow's demand for calcium is of particular importance. If it is not satisfied, it is very likely to result in elimination.
4. Different amounts of calcium in different parts of the muscle, the content of calcium in the hind leg is higher than the waist.
5. For the total requirement of trace elements, high lean meat pigs need higher than low lean meat pigs. But not the amount you feed is high and there are more deposits in the meat.
6. In particular, the calcium deposition is relatively late although bone development is earlier than muscle. So, although its bones are large, it is thinner. For sows, we can't let it give birth prematurely, so it's easy to eliminate sows.
Second, pregnant sows mineral needs
1. The fetal mineral deposition is mainly in 105 days - 114 days, at the same time, calcium increase faster than phosphorus.
2. Determine the level of mineral deficiency from the hooves. Normal hooves, with the toes off the ground, and the hooves behind the hooves at an angle of 65 degrees to the ground; calcium-deficient trotters, the auxiliary toes in contact with the ground, and the angle behind the hooves to the ground are small. At this time, the minerals in the feed are strengthened.
3. How to add is effective? Many companies are using injections of high-dose vitamin D, which uses calcium from the sow's bones, short-term solution to the sows' lice, but speeds up the elimination of sows. Various vitamins and minerals should be added and added in a balanced manner.
4. Iron. In the past, there were opinions that sows had problems with the transformation of the fetus's iron, resulting in iron deficiency in the piglets. In fact, it was not the ability of the sow to transform, but in general, the amount of iron was insufficient.
5. There is an important “window period†for mineral addition to pregnant sows. We must master this important period. Different minerals have different “window periodsâ€.
Third, the study of mineral needs during lactation
1. Take the example of a sow producing 11 piglets. After 10 days, the daily calcium requirement increase rate is astonishing, reaching 85g/d. Similarly, the demand for other minerals is increasing.
2. After the third child, the mineral content in the sow was changed and all the ingredients were greatly reduced.
3. How do sows supplement minerals? Can only be added by diet. The problem is adding quantity and adding form. No matter which minerals, as long as it is added in the form of sulfuric acid, its digestibility is relatively low. Excessive addition of inorganic minerals is detrimental to sows and the addition of organic minerals can be beneficial. Fat does not increase the birth weight of piglets. After pregnancy and breastfeeding, the sows have the fastest reduction in fat content. They begin to degrade 20 days before birth and continue to be reared again.
Fourth, trace elements
1. Chromium. Glucose has the effect of promoting ovulation in sows. The relationship between glucose and chromium, we have obtained through the test: adding chromium to increase the number of litter production. There is also some help in re-emotion weaning, which can shorten the interval.
2. Selenium. It can be passed from the sow's milk to the piglet. After weaning, the piglets will lack selenium. Need to be supplemented by diet. The absorption mechanism of organic selenium is consistent with that of amino acids, and it has a role in increasing the number of births and increasing the lactation force. Another important difference in the addition of organic selenium is that the selenium content in milk does not decrease with increasing parity. It can regulate oxidation and reduce peroxide.
High-yielding sows are metabolized faster, with more peroxide, and the cell's processing power is limited. After a certain number of these peroxides penetrate the cell membrane. Severe pigs can cause death. This is why high-yielding sows are more likely to die (sudden death).