Every time wheat and rice are harvested, how to ensure that the combine harvester has the best harvesting status is the agricultural operator’s concern. The structure of the harvester is complicated. Any problem in the work system in the operation will lead to mistakes and missed work, as well as food waste. Therefore, in addition to early implementation of the harvesting machine test machine, maintenance and maintenance, the operators should also grasp the actual operation of the troubleshooting technology, so as to effectively improve the economic benefits of the harvester.
1. The number of heads dropped by the pull-out wheel should be reduced firstly. When harvesting wheat, the pulling speed of the pulling wheel is generally the same as the harvester's forward speed. However, if the crop is over mature and the stems and stems are dry, the picking wheel rotates too fast and the entire head will be shot down. Therefore, when over-ripe or particularly dry crops are harvested, the rotational speed of the pull-out wheel should be appropriately reduced. If there are excessive heads with a pull-out wheel, it shall be stopped in time, loosen the tension pulley of the transmission belt, take off the triangular tape, remove the fixing bolts worn on the arm, and move the pull-out wheel slightly back. Note that when harvesting lodging or low crops, the picking wheel should be lowered to a lower position. After each harvest period, check the pull-out wheel. If it is too far forward, move it backwards. Because the pullout wheel is too far forward and the springs attack the crop too much, it will cause more heads and losses.
2. The cutter often jams the correct movement between the moving blade and the stationary blade of the header section, commonly known as the "barrier gap." Assembled cutter, when the moving blade centerline coincides with the centerline of the blade guard, the front end of the moving blade should contact with the fixed blade, the maximum clearance at the front end shall not exceed 0.5mm, and the maximum clearance at the rear end shall not exceed 1.5mm. Do not exceed 1/3 of the total number of blades, otherwise all cutter blades should be calibrated by adding or removing shims. When the position of the movable blade and the fixed blade are not aligned, the length of the connecting rod or the length of the tool bar in the cutter drive mechanism should be adjusted in time so that when the cutter moves to the left and right limit positions, the center line of the movable blade coincides with the center line of the fixed blade. The deviation should not be greater than 5 mm. If individual deviations are exceeded, the steel pipe can be placed on the blade guard, and the blade can be adjusted by means of the lateral swaying blade guard. If there are too many weeds in the field or there are obstacles such as bricks, stones, and iron wire, it is easy to cause the cutter to clog or damage the cutter, so it is necessary to increase the cutting rate. In addition, for crops with high yields and high density, the speed of traffic should be appropriately slowed during the harvest, and the engine throttle should be increased to increase the speed of cutting components.
3. The straw is often stacked on the header. Stacked straw means that the cut crops accumulate on the surface between the plucking wheel and the header auger, and cannot be fed in time. Firstly, the pulling wheel speed should be properly increased, the pulling wheel should be adjusted downwards and backwards, and the clearance between the spiral blade of the header auger and the cutting table should be adjusted as required. The feeding auger blade on the general header is away from the floor height. Not more than 10 mm. Second, the distance between the feed chain and the telescopic tip should be maintained at 10 to 15 cm. Third, the spring length of the feeder head feeding the auger safety clutch should be appropriate, and can be separated in time when the feed resistance is too large. In addition, the cutting height should be increased and the harvesting speed should be increased. When the crop is sparse, dwarfed, or the picking wheel is too high, too close to the front, the rotational speed of the picking wheel is too low, and the gap between the auger blade and the header floor is too large or the gap adjustment on both sides is inconsistent, the header accumulation phenomenon occurs. . In addition, crops that are too lodging or too moist should not be harvested mechanically.
4. The straw granules after threshing should pay more attention to the fact that the wheat should be harvested from the mature land of 89, and rice should be harvested from nine mature lands. The adjustment of the clearance of the threshing tile screen should be moderate. Generally, the screen opening should be kept no more than 2/3, and the lower screen opening should not be less than 1/3. Whenever the harvest is completed, the header should be quickly raised, and the large throttle will send the remaining crops in the header into the trough. Reduce the speed of the vehicle, reduce the amount of feed, increase the speed of the drum, and replace the blunt snug bar in time. Note that the average field standard grain loss should be about 3%. Once this standard is exceeded, it indicates that a certain part of the machinery has failed.
5. The head of the crop is not clean The reason that the head of the crop is not clean is mainly because the drum speed of the threshing part is too low, the concave plate deformation leads to large gaps, the amount of the crop feeding is too much, or the feed is uneven, etc., can cause crops. Head threshing is not clean. The field should be harvested with mature crops that have no accumulated water and no dew on the head. For crops with high density and dew, the cutting width should be controlled within 2/3. The unfavorable threshing parts can be quickly adjusted and perfected. The parts with large wear should be promptly replaced, and the belts of the power parts and the interlocking threshing parts should be tensioned at any time.
6. Causes of cylinder blockage due to blockage of rollers: 1 The roller clearance is too small, engine horsepower is insufficient, and transmission belt slips. 2 The rotational speed of the squeezing wheel and the squatting device is not enough, and the stalk is not discharged smoothly. 3The crop is too wet and too dense. 4 Inconsistent crop maturity, excessive weeds, and fast walking speeds. In order to prevent the clogging of the rollers, when the weeds are harvested with more or more wetter crops, the gap between the rollers and the concave plates should be increased in an appropriate manner. When the rotation speed of the rollers is found to decrease, the locomotive forward speed should be reduced or it should be temporarily stopped. In addition, the rotation speed of the drum should be properly controlled during operation, and the gap between the rake and the bearing of the header part and the tension of the belt should be adjusted in time.
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