How to make good cotton base fertilizer

Fertilizer is the material basis for high cotton yield. Fertilization on demand is the highest principle of cotton fertilization. The conditions should be measured soil fertilization, according to the soil available nutrient content and high cotton production needs, determine what fertilizer and fertilization. So fertilization in different cotton fields should be different. However, most of the regions are unable to do this. The main drawback is the large number of compound fertilizers with equal N, P, and K contents, which is generally 50 kg of “three 15%” compound fertilizers. The author learned during his recent trip to the countryside: Many farmers are still doing this. This is extremely unreasonable. It will not only increase costs, but also will not meet the high-yield demand for cotton, and should be improved immediately. For most cotton fields in the north, the amount of potash fertilizer should be increased and the amount of phosphate fertilizer should be reduced. The nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used for top dressing, or the formula fertilizer with “high potassium, low phosphorus, and medium nitrogen” should be used. If you have already prepared the same amount of N and P compound fertilizer, the amount per acre should not exceed 25 kg, and then add 12.5 kg of potash as base fertilizer; another 15 kg of urea will be used as top dressing, which is more reasonable.
The application of base fertilizer must be turned into the soil, the deeper the better, as far as possible to reduce the loss and give full play to the fertilizer effect. The author sees that most of the current cotton fields have not been ploughed to the site, and there are the following methods for applying base fertilizers:
(1) Some farmers are transporting farmyard fertilizers to cotton fields. The fertilizers to be applied can be sprinkled on the surface of the land in front of cultivated land and turned into the ground together with farmyard manure. The advantage is that it can be applied deeper, applied to evenly, with less loss of nutrients, and can be absorbed and utilized in the cotton roots distributed throughout.
(2) Install the fertilizer applicator on the seeder and carry out the seeding at the same time. Spread the fertilizer in front and apply it in the middle of two rows of cotton. Deeply apply 8 to 10 centimeters. The advantage is that it is labor-saving, with concentrated fertilizers, low nutrient losses, and rapid use of seedlings. Because the fertilizer is applied before the seeds germinate, it can still be considered as a base fertilizer. Most of the 80,000 hectares of farms in Guoxin Seed Farm are used in this way.
(3) Design the line spacing and number of rows before sowing, insert the mark, apply a row of fertilizer in the middle of the reserved two rows of cotton, deepen 10 centimeters or more, and then sow; the advantage is that the fertilizer is applied deeply.
(iv) If rotary tillage is not used for ploughing, the fertilizer may also be sprinkled on the surface before rotaving, but it should be as deep as 15 cm. The disadvantage of this fertilization is that there are also some fertilizers in the upper dry soil, and there is a loss of nutrients.
Mostly avoid the shallow rotation after fertilization, so that most of the fertilizer left in the soil, nutrient loss is too large.
Irrespective of the fertilization before or in front of the arable land, ploughing can be carried out and watering can be achieved. According to the amount of water per mu of 60 to 80 square meters, the water depth is 9 to 12 centimeters, and the fertilizer will not infiltrate into the ground with the water, but will be stored in the soil layer of 1 meter deep, which can be used by cotton roots.
Base fertilizer application is a key cotton production measure. It is related to cotton production and cotton planting benefits.

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