Fruit trees are planted in all areas of China. For fruit farmers, the most important thing every year is the prevention and control of pests and diseases. And there is a kind of insect that has its figure on various fruit trees. It is a scale insect. Let's take a look at the occurrence rules and control measures of the mites.
First, the hazard characteristics
There are two types of fruit tree mites: sugar maple glutinous rice and tortoise scorpion scorpion, among which sugar maple glutinous rice is widely distributed and harmful. The Tuolun ball is mainly harmful to apricots, pears and peach trees. Sugar maple mites mainly harm apricots and vines. Intensive adult and nymphs are parasitic on dry shoots, leaves and fruits all the year round. They will absorb juice and secrete honeydew to contaminate the branches and leaves, block the pores and pores, seriously affect the normal growth of the fruit trees, causing the tree to weaken, lose fruit, dry branches, etc. .
Second, the morphological characteristics
Sugar maple
The female shell has an elliptical semi-protrusion, dark brown, and has a diameter of 4 to 5 mm. The female body is 4 to 6 mm long, elliptical, and the antennae and feet are close to the ventral surface. The male body is 1.2 to 1.5 mm long, reddish brown, with hindered wings and well developed feet. The egg is oblong, white, and darkens afterwards. If the worm body is yellowish, elliptical, translucent, the back is bulged and pale, with tentacles and feet.
2. Tulun ball is strong
The female shell has a nearly round protrusion with a diameter of 5 to 6 mm, dark brown, and a prominent longitudinal ridge of the back of the crust. The female body is yellow, hemispherical, and the antennae and feet are small and close to the ventral surface. Male adult, with 1 pair of wings, normal antennae and feet. The egg is oval, initially white, and then becomes fleshy red. The egg is more visible to the naked eye. The nymph is red in color and has two vertical lines on the back, with antennae and three pairs of feet.
Third, the law of occurrence
The sugar maple glutinous rice and the Tuolun ball are firmly in the first year of the pear tree and the apricot tree in our county. The nymphs of 2 to 3 years old were fixed on the branches and clustered over the winter. In the second year of April, the liquid flowed with the trees and began to harm. The females hug in the middle and late May and hatch from the end of May to the beginning of June. This is the best time for chemical control. In mid-June, the nymphs of the early age climbed out of the mother shell and dispersed to the fruit branches and leaves for feeding. In the autumn, the nymphs are transferred from the leaves to the branches on the branches for wintering, and the conditions are appropriate after the second year.
Fourth, prevention measures
1. In winter and summer, the heavily damaged insects are cut, the weak trees and dead trees that have no production capacity are dug out, and they are burned out outside the garden.
2. From mid-March to early April, use a wire brush and bamboo chips to remove the scale insects, reducing the wintering base and insect density.
3. Chemical control measures:
(1) From the end of May to the middle of June, the nymphs of the Tuolun ball and the sugar maple mites are scattered in a large amount, and the best control period of the pear trees; from May to June, the apricots are inflated and mature, waiting for the apricots. The post-harvest prevention effect is better.
(2) Use 2.5% enemy killing emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% kungfu emulsifiable concentrate 4000 times liquid to spray evenly, or 40% omethoate 1000 times liquid, or speed smash 1500 times liquid, les 1500 to 2000 times liquid spray .
(3) The natural enemies of the Tuolun ball are the stag bees, and it is forbidden to use the worms during the adult period of the beetle to avoid killing the natural enemies.
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