First, pruning
From June to July, 1 to 2 years of growing seedlings left the main trunk at 15 to 20 cm to cut off the upper branches. After 25 to 30 days, the lateral buds sprouted and branches were left, leaving 2 to 3 shoots as the first-level shoots. When the first branch length is 30 centimeters, leave 5 to 10 centimeters to cut short, so that each level 1 shoots germinate 2 to 3 secondary shoots. In the spring of the following year, after the axillary buds were harvested, they were retracted to 5 to 10 centimeters to promote the formation of three branches. After two years of cultivation, it can be cultivated into a dwarf tree with a height of about 1.5 meters and four branches, with an average of 6 to 10 branches per plant. If there are fewer secondary and lateral collaterals, picking up the heart the following year, and triggering the generation of collaterals, then leave 1 to 2 branches selected. For trees that grow stronger for more than three years, 3 to 4 pods are harvested according to tree vigor, and the first few shoots are all erased from the base. At the beginning of July, the buds were harvested for the last time. The weak branches and the dense branches were cut to prevent the branches from blooming and the trees were closed. Growth branches left 1 to 2 buds short, leaving 2 to 3 leaves to pick their hearts, and no longer picking their hearts. The last picking can not be later than mid-August, otherwise the terminal buds will not be full and development will not be fulfilled, affecting the production of oysters in the second year. After each year, the shoots are harvested, but also from the bud's base, 2 to 4 inches (according to branch shoots, growth of tree vigor) are used. When the nutrients stored in the citron have been consumed, 10 to 20 cm of growing branches are cut short. When the lower side of the bud is to be cut, germination of the buds of the year is promoted by picking the heart.
The top end of the toon has an extremely strong advantage. The top buds germinate early and grow vigorously. The dwarf tree shape is built. On the production, commonly used toppings, short cuts, girdlings, root cuttings, and removal of top buds are used to promote the growth of the lower bud shoots. In addition, the apical dominance is also related to age, tree vigor, and the like. Young trees and Wang trees are stronger than adult trees and weak trees. The erect branches are stronger than the oblique branches, and the oblique branches are stronger than the horizontal branches and the drooping branches. Based on these characteristics, the tip of the shoot can be used and controlled in a targeted manner to form an appropriate crown when pruning. For example, to enlarge the crown, strong branches, strong shoots, and angled branches are used as extension branches of the stem. In order to ease the tree vigor, the weak branches and weak shoots lead, or twist shoots, curved branches and other methods, change the angle of branches, inhibit the top growth advantage. In short, a reasonable tree shape requires a strong backbone, full top buds, dense upper and lower, short and long upper, even distribution, and appropriate proportions. This tree shape is ideal for high-density field cultivation.
Second, chemical regulation
The use of plant growth retardants can cause division and elongation of meristem cells in the lower apical region, slowing the growth rate and dwarfing the plants. The commonly used growth retardants include chlormequat, auxin, and paclobutrazol. In general, from early July to early August, 50% of chlormequat 500 ml of water and 50 kg of water is sprayed on top of the buds, sprayed every 10 days, and sprayed 3 times in succession. Or use 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder 200 to 400 times the spray of the top of the heart, spray 3 times. In this way, the new shoots can be bold, the internodes can be shortened, the plant shape can be compact, the leaf color can be dark green, and the leaves can be widened and thickened to enhance the photosynthesis of the leaves and increase the yield and quality of the axillary buds in the following year.
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