1 Injury symptoms
The main damage leaves, also known as leaf blight. From the lower part of the plant to the upper part of the development, the initial round of light yellow lesions, water immersed, the edge is obvious, later developed into an irregular shape. The color of the plaque turned pale yellow from grayish yellow, and a small black spot was formed on it, which was a conidia of the pathogen. Leaf petiole and stem lesions are oval in shape, slightly darker in color and slightly concave. There is often a yellow halo around the lesion. Conidia often occur around the markings and are crowded together. When the disease is serious, it causes the leaves to dry.
2 Transmission routes and conditions
The hyphae lurk in the seed coat and attach to the seed, the sick body or overwintering on the seed mother root. The mycelium latent in the seed coat survived for more than 1 year, the pathogen attached to the seed surface survived for more than 2 years, and the conidia on the lesion survived for 8 to 11 months. When pathogenic bacteria meet environmental conditions, they form conidiospore and conidia, which are transmitted by wind, rain, humans, animals, and tools. In case of conidial germination of water droplets, germ tubes are produced and invaded from stomata or through the cortex. The disease is prevalent in colder climates with temperatures ranging from 20 to 25°C, with heavy rain or high humidity. Large temperature difference between day and night, night condensation, long duration, heavy onset.
3 control methods
a. Seed production from disease-free and disease-free plants. Use the seed within two years, soak it in warm water of 48-49°C for 30 minutes, dip it while stirring, then move it into cool water and cool it. Let it dry after sowing.
b. Carry out 2 to 3 years of rotation, apply basic fertilizer, and top-dressing in time. Do not flood irrigation, drainage after the rain, protect the place to do a good job of ventilation and ventilation.
c. Apply 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times or 1:0.5:200 Bordeaux mixture or 50% sulfur suspension 200 to 300 times or lime sulfuric acid copper sulfate powder (30 parts lime, 10 parts copper sulfate) , sulfur powder 10), etc., spray once every 7-10d, spray a total of 2 or 3 times
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