Rapeseed is susceptible to freezing injury at low temperatures, especially for rape which is better in autumn, because the leaves are green and the leaves are tender and are more likely to suffer freezing damage at low temperature. According to the survey, the degree of freezing has a strong relationship with the strength of rape seedlings, topography and soil moisture, and the quality of transplanting. Early prevention of freezing is the key to obtaining high yield of rapeseed.
Improve cold resistance
Different measures are taken for different seedlings to ensure that the seedlings of rapeseed are overwintering, which is the fundamental measure against low temperatures. During the overwintering period of rapeseed, the leaves are most susceptible to freezing and death, resulting in a reduction in the number of branches after a year, directly affecting the yield. Therefore, we must do everything possible before years. For the long seedlings before winter, in the light snow to the winter solstice stage, the cultivator can turn the soil about 10 cm deep in the row of rapeseed, cut off the roots of the branches, reduce its nitrogen uptake capacity, and promote the accumulation of organic matter such as sugar in rapeseed plants to improve the cold resistance. ability. Pay close attention to rapeseed cultivating soil, to thicken the root soil layer, to block the cold wind invasion, improve the ability of absorbing heat and cold resistance have a certain effect, especially after the high-foot Miao earthworms, the root shortening is conducive to thermal insulation. When entering the winter season, especially in the case of low temperature invasion, it is necessary to control the application of available nitrogen fertilizer to control the growth of rapeseed nutrition area, so that the accumulation of waxy layer of rapeseed leaves is conducive to cold resistance.
Early application of heavy fertilizers
Increasing the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the wax fertilizer can increase the thickness of the wax layer of the leaves. It is best to apply the wax fertilizer before the onset of the cold wave. Applying organic fertilizer such as pig cow dung or earth miscellaneous fertilizer between rows of rapeseed at the beginning of winter can increase the ground temperature by 2-3°C, and can also exert the effect of waxy spring. Generally Mu Shi 1000-1500 kilograms of pig manure bar or 2000-2500 kilograms of soil manure is appropriate. Potassium can increase the concentration of the cell fluid and increase the cold resistance of the cells. Generally, 5 to 8 kg of potassium chloride and 10 to 15 kg of superphosphate are applied per acre or in acupuncture points. Plant ash is rich in potassium and strong in heat preservation. When the weather suddenly becomes cold and other measures are too late to be implemented, a layer of grass and wood ash can be sprinkled on the leaves and fields of rapeseed, which can not only protect the leaves, but also increase the endothermic performance of the soil and increase the soil. temperature.
Timely foliar spray
Foliar application of phosphate fertilizer can significantly increase the thickness of foliar waxy layer and has a significant effect on cold resistance. Generally due to the low temperature purple leaves, spraying phosphate fertilizer can be transformed into normal green color after 5 days, and can tolerate the low temperature of minus 5 °C invasion. The specific method is to use 2 kg of superphosphate or 0.5 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre. After soaking in 30-40 kg of water for one week, filter the fertilizer slag and spray it on the leaves. Spray it once every 7 days. The focus is on rapeseed fields where nitrogen fertilizer is too heavy to appear green. For lean rapeseeds, 0.1-0.2 kg urea can be added to the phosphate fertilizer to promote the growth of rapeseed blades to increase the ability of the leaves to make waxy layers and enhance cold resistance.
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