With the adjustment of agricultural structure, the area of ​​grape cultivating in rural areas has developed rapidly. However, due to improper management measures, many fruit farmers have not received good economic benefits. The problems concerning the easy negligence of fruit growers are explained below.
I. Orchard cleanup
There are a large number of overwintering pests on the surface of fallen leaves and weeds, and some growers are not serious or even clean up after the fall, resulting in serious or difficult to control grape pests in the following year. First of all, after the grapes are deciduous, they should promptly clear out the branches and branches, weeds, and other weeds out of the orchard. Secondly, the spruce branches, especially the diseased branches, and the old skin must be cleaned in a timely manner in the following spring. Do deep-buried or incineration (do not throw away or stack it). This is an effective way to prevent the spread of pests and diseases and to control and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Second, the use of Bordeaux mixture and lime sulfur
Decades of practice have proved that Bordeaux mixture and lime sulfur have low cost, low effectiveness, low residue, and no drug resistance. In particular, Bordeaux liquids are better for use in grapes than other fruit trees. The specific method is: before germination, when the scales on the grape buds start to burst, spray 3-5 Baume lime sulfur concentration agent, spray the branches, ground, pillars and iron wire to spray; spray One time 1:0.5:240 times Bordeaux mixture; after the flowering period, spray 1:0.7:200 times more Bordeaux mixture; color spray 1:0.7:180 times more Bordeaux mixture; grapes 1:1:180 times after harvesting Bordeaux fluid.
Third, the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers
The specific fertilization method is: the first fertilization before the bud or before flowering, the main use of nitrogen at this time, before flowering can also be used 3-5% superphosphate infusion liquid for extra-root fertilizer, in order to improve the fruit setting rate. The second fertilization is still dominated by nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of young fruit growth, and appropriate phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied before and during ripening of berries for the third time to improve fruit quality and promote shoot ripening. In addition, nitrogen supplementation after grape harvesting can enhance photosynthesis of leaves and increase nutrient storage within shoots, but excessive or too late application can easily lead to plant greediness and reduce cold resistance. Phosphate fertilizers are mostly blended with organic fertilizers and then introduced in the fall.
No matter what method is used during fertilization, it is based on the principle of less injury to the root system.
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