On April 7th, affected by the cold air from the south, the kiwifruit production area in the north of Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi suffered the strongest spring cold attack on the kiwifruit in China's history. As a result, the kiwifruit in the main production area of ​​kiwifruit was seriously affected, and some orchards in some regions may have no harvest.
After the disaster, the National Kiwifruit League organized kiwifruit experts from all over the country to check in the national kiwifruit production areas, especially in the severely affected areas of Guanzhong kiwifruit production area in Shaanxi Province. The alliance was split in Xi'an, Baoji, Weinan, Xianyang, and Hanzhong. Ankang City site survey. Zhao Zhixiu, senior technical consultant of the Alliance, and Zhang Qingming, Xi'an Kiwifruit Experimental Station, jointly proposed countermeasures.
The kiwifruit frost and frost damage were divided into five grades. Grade 1: The kiwifruit leaf has a slight cold injury, individual leaves are deformed and wilting; Grade 2: Some leaves are wilting, the tip is wilting; Grade 3: The result is a branch, all the leaves are wilted by freezing; Level 4: The bud is damaged, The petiole Necrosis; Level 5: The whole fruit branch is frozen, and the stem of the fruit branch is frozen. The buds show no signs of life.
The harm distribution and harm degree of the national kiwifruit in the cold wave showed that the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains became the main disaster area, and the damage was lighter in the south of the Qinling Mountains. The damage to the Hanjiang Plain in Hanzhong and Ankang kiwifruit production areas in Shaanxi was very light, and there was mild damage in the mountainous high altitude parks. . Northern kiwifruit producing areas such as Henan and Shandong are also harmful, but they are all lighter than Shaanxi producing areas. The southern producing areas as a whole have not been greatly affected, and individual parks have suffered minor damages. Xi'an City, Baoji City, Xianyang City, and Weinan City, which are in the north of the Qinling Mountains in the Shaanxi Province, are the most harmful and the kiwifruit has been victimized to varying degrees. The orchards that reached Grade I and Grade II accounts for 50% of the production areas, and 30% of the kiwifruit gardens that are seriously endangered in Grades 3 and 4, and no orchards with a degree of frost damage of up to five were found in the survey. Some of the orchards in some areas may not be harvested this year, and the kiwifruit production area suffers heavy losses.
Seen from the varieties, the Chinese kiwifruit suffered heavy damage. The early-maturing varieties suffered heavy damage. From the topography of the terrain, the low-lying land and high-altitude production areas suffered heavy damage.
For such serious hazards, after discussion, the following remedial measures are proposed.
First, it is possible to take measures for mild victimization, that is, first and second stage, spraying Bijing 7000 times solution or brassin 5000 times solution, plus 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed spray, every 7-10 days. Spray again.
Second, for the severely affected three or four orchards, timely sparse all buds and coat them with amino acids or humic acid to strengthen the tree potential and promote recovery.
Third, it is necessary for the orchard to break water in a timely manner to remove the compaction, increase the low temperature, and promote root absorption.
Fourth, it is not possible to use pesticides in orchards that suffer from heavy damage. Irrigation is strictly prohibited and pruning is not allowed to increase trauma.
Fifth, observe the restoration of the tree body and take further measures according to the degree of recovery.
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