In the process of organic fertilizer production, since the raw materials mainly come from aquaculture, agricultural products and food processing residues, industrial waste, etc., these raw materials will inevitably produce sewage/leachate, odor, etc. during storage and fermentation. Deep processing such as noise and organic fertilizer drying and pulverizing is easy to generate dust and odor gas.
The following mainly introduces the methods of odor treatment of several organic fertilizers:
The source of odor in the production process of organic fertilizer: The odor in the production of organic fertilizer mainly comes from the deterioration of raw materials, the fermentation of organic fertilizer and the drying of organic fertilizer. There are many kinds of malodorous substances in organic fertilizer production, and the sources are wide. Generally, there are ammonia smell, hydrogen sulfide smell, etc., which cause different degrees of poisoning to human respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular, endocrine and nervous systems. Some odors are not even Health hazards also have emotional and emotional stimuli and effects on people.
Odor generation stage during composting: It is mainly produced in the initial stage of fermentation. Due to the rapid degradation of easily decomposable organic substances, a large amount of oxygen is consumed, resulting in local hypoxia and production of small molecular organic substances and hydrogen sulfide. At this time, ammonia volatilization is less likely to occur due to lower pH, and after about 1-2 weeks, a large amount of ammonia volatilization occurs as the pH of the compost increases. At this point, composting has gradually completed a single fermentation of compost.
Odor suppression and elimination during composting: By adjusting the air permeability of the material, increasing the amount of ventilation, and adding adsorbent materials, the generation of odor can be suppressed to some extent. However, due to the large amount of fermented material, the concentration of odor and the relatively closed site, the odor concentration in the fermentation site is extremely high, and sometimes the ammonia concentration in the site is as high as 300 mg/L or more. This also caused a lot of nutrient loss. Measures need to be taken to collect and process.
At the time of construction, supporting deodorization devices or taking deodorization measures: In recent years, as environmental pollution control has gradually improved, complaints of odor pollution have become more and more. The state is paying more and more attention to the problem of volatile organic compounds. At the time of construction of factory facilities, the establishment of appropriate deodorization devices at the same time is fundamental to prevent air pollution and reduce disputes with surrounding residents. If you ignore the deodorant countermeasures, and if you have a dispute with the surrounding residents or are criticized by the environmental department, then the cost will be more.
At present, there are many methods for eliminating odor, such as washing, chemical treatment, combustion, adsorption, air dilution, masking, ozone oxidation, plasma, and biological deodorization.
The more widely used one is the biological deodorization method. Under the action of organisms, the biodegradation process is used to decompose and convert odor components to achieve deodorization. Currently, the most widely used is the use of microorganisms to treat odors. Therefore, it is also called microbial deodorization. The biggest advantages of this method are low operating costs, energy and resources savings, and ease of maintenance.
The environmental tax law that will be introduced recently will become the "Sword of Damocles" on the head of organic fertilizer manufacturers. In the short-term, the collection of environmental protection tax will increase the tax burden of enterprises to a certain extent, but in the long run, this is a good news for the whole organic fertilizer industry. At present, the market of organic fertilizer industry is chaotic and product homogenization is serious. Vicious competition is fierce. Counterfeit and shoddy products are shoddy and disrupt the market. If the environmental protection is strengthened, for the organic fertilizer industry, it will help to promote the industrial production technology update, which is conducive to the transformation and upgrading of the industry. In addition, the main cause of the chaos in the organic fertilizer market is that there are too many small enterprises, and there is a lack of funds to go to environmental protection equipment. If environmental protection is strengthened, the remaining elites will compete fairly, which will benefit the healthy development of the organic fertilizer industry and benefit future generations. Sustainable.
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