There are many reasons for the poor effect of the use of organic fertilizer. There are two major categories in this category. The first category is the reason for the production enterprise, and the second category is the use reason.
The first category: the reasons for the production company
The reasons for the production control of the company involve quality control. Here, we focus on factors such as nutrient, pH, chloride ion content, salt content, cation exchange capacity, humic acid, small molecular fatty acids, heavy metals, and harmful microorganisms.
Many of these contents do not appear in the organic fertilizer industry standards, but they have to be noted.
Nutrient
Due to the low nutrient content of the raw materials or the fermentation production process, some enterprises have fermented organic fertilizers, and their nutrients are not qualified. In addition, some factories do not even have laboratories, and a batch of products has entered the market. Some companies have found that nutrients are not enough, but they are reluctant to add fertilizer supplements, and these products have also entered the market.
Products produced by companies without a fertilizer registration certificate are not circulated in the market, and are generally directly oriented to users. This piece is particularly difficult to regulate.
2.pH value
The pH of the raw materials themselves varies. During the fermentation process, the pH changes greatly. If the fermentation process is not well controlled, it may be found that the pH is above 8.5 or below 5.5.
In particular, products with peracids can cause crop growth to be hindered or die, while organic fertilizers that are over-alkali are generally less acidic due to the fact that the soil in the south is generally too small.
3. Chloride ion content
Generally, no one will detect the chloride ion content, but some raw materials contain a lot of chloride ions, especially when used on crops with serious chlorine avoidance.
Some manufacturers use ammonium chloride, a type of chlorinated fertilizer, to add organic fertilizer to increase nitrogen in total nutrients, which also leads to increased chloride ion content and affects crop growth.
4. Salt content
The high salt content of the fertilizer is like throwing a packet of salt into a limited area, and the crop is very affected. In general, raw materials such as domestic sludge and kitchen waste have higher salinity, and those that are not salt-tolerant may have yellow leaves, fallen leaves, wilting, and death.
5. Cation exchange capacity
Generally, the mature organic fertilizer has a large amount of cation exchange, maintains fertilizer and fertility, has strong buffering capacity, and has a good buffering effect on pH and salt, and plays an important role in maintaining the good condition of the soil.
However, without the decomposed organic fertilizer or even the dried manure, the cation exchange amount is extremely low, which does not have the buffering effect. On the contrary, it will also harm the buffering effect of the soil itself and cause crop growth obstacles.
6. Humic acid
Fresh raw materials contain almost no humic acid, and humic acid is continuously produced during the fermentation process of organic fertilizers, especially at high temperature fermentation (greater than 50 ° C).
Humic acid combines with ammonium, potassium and sodium to have the function of stimulating crop growth. It also has the effect of attracting easily. It can also improve the stress resistance of crops, promote production and promote germination. Humic acid can enhance soil buffering because of its exchange capacity. ability.
7. Small molecule fatty acids
Lower fatty acids have an adverse effect on seed germination and plant growth. Small molecular fatty acids are easy to attract flies, which is easier to observe.
In general, small molecular fatty acids are found in undecomposed materials, such as fresh chicken manure. The harm is that small molecule fatty acids can inhibit seed germination and inhibit root growth.
8. Heavy metals
Heavy metals accumulate in plants and eventually become concentrated on people through the food chain, causing harm to people. At the same time, heavy metals can also cause damage to the growth of crops.
Due to the high cost of equipment, most enterprises do not have equipment to detect heavy metals. The agricultural materials market has only seen law enforcement departments to detect heavy metals.
9. harmful microorganisms
The composting temperature is less than 5 days at 50 ° C or above, which can kill pathogenic bacteria and eggs and achieve harmlessness.
However, in fact, many manufacturers of organic fertilizer production process, due to the level of technology, failed to reach 50 ° C or above but the time is maintained too short, most of the locust eggs, coliforms, etc. failed to kill, which affects The crop grows healthily.
The second category: reasons for use
The poor use of organic fertilizers is related to the misleading promotion of fertilizer salesmen and to the user's own knowledge and habits.
High-quality soil should provide stable and coordinated water, fertilizer, gas and heat rhizosphere environmental conditions for plant growth, support anchoring plants, maintain moisture and venting, and also have a buffering effect, so that the rhizosphere environment remains relatively stable. .
Excellent soil in physical properties, solid, liquid, gas three-phase proportion is appropriate, bulk density, total porosity, size and pore ratio should be more appropriate.
Chemically, the cation exchange capacity is large, the matrix is ​​good in fertilizer retention, the pH value is close to neutral, and has a certain buffering capacity, and has a certain C/N ratio to maintain the biological stability of the matrix during cultivation. The organic fertilizer we produce is precisely to improve the soil towards this goal.
The second reason can be simply categorized as: the method of use is wrong.
Here is a brief introduction to several misunderstandings. I hope everyone will pay attention to it.
Top dressing
The user used the organic fertilizer as a fertilizer to topdress the fertilizer. It failed to cover the soil in time. The fertilizer was only on the surface of the soil, and could not be fully contacted with the soil, and could not improve the soil.
In addition to sun and rain, beneficial microbes can't work, nutrients will also be lost with water, and the functions of organic fertilizer buffering capacity, vegetable loose soil, water holding and ventilation, heat preservation and fat retention are also not reflected.
The best way of organic fertilizer should be combined with inorganic fertilizer as the base fertilizer. It is best to mix with the soil, but at least the organic fertilizer should not be exposed on the soil surface, such as the application of acupoints.
2. Organic fertilizer is in direct contact with crops
Some users are worried that the fertilizer is not enough, or they want to be effective as soon as possible. When using the organic fertilizer and the crop directly, the consequences will lead to serious death of the burning seedlings!
3. Fresh feces are used directly
Applying fresh manure is like a manufacturer selling unfertilized organic fertilizer, but it will be more serious if something goes wrong.
Organic fertilizer application and precautions
1. Apply at a sufficient temperature and at a suitable temperature. Regardless of the soil applied, there must be sufficient sensation to facilitate rapid decomposition and transformation.
Second, in order to make the fertilizer reflect the long-acting and quick-acting effect, the amount of organic fertilizer applied per mu should be sufficient for all fields where organic fertilizer is applied, but it should not be too much to avoid burning the seedling; the specific dosage depends on the product content and crop fertilizer. The characteristics of the period are determined.
Third, the amount of base fertilizer can not be used too much, especially in vegetable greenhouses can not be over-applied; pay attention to the organic fertilizer in vegetable greenhouses must pay attention to the nitrogen content, the current market general organic fertilizer total nutrients have 5-organic 45,10- 45,12-45, vegetable greenhouse teaching applies to 5-45 organic fertilizer content.
4. When the soil moisture is insufficient, it is necessary to promptly resist drought after application.
Note: According to the soil and local climate and habits, the amount of fertilization is different, and the amount of fertilization should be determined according to the actual conditions of the local soil.
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