Licorice is a perennial herb of the family Leguminosae. It uses dried roots and rhizomes as its medicine. It has the effects of replenishing spleen, replenishing qi, removing phlegm, relieving cough, clearing away heat and detoxification, relieving urgency, relieving pain, reconciling the potency of medicinal herbs, and eliminating the poison of 100 herbs. Licorice is not only a kind of bulk medicinal material, but also a non-caloric sweet additive in food, and an important auxiliary material for cigarettes and other industries. Therefore, the amount of licorice is increasing. As the natural resources of licorice are increasingly depleted, artificial cultivation must be carried out. Due to the dense structure of licorice seed coat and the dehydration and dehydration of proteins, the problems such as slow emergence of licorice planting, uneven seedling emergence, and low seedling emergence rate have been caused. In order to increase the emergence rate of licorice in production, it is necessary to collect seeds reasonably, that is, to select plants that are more than 3 years old. During the flowering and fruiting period, the flowers or fruits near the branch shoots are removed, so that the seed maturity is relatively uniform, and large and full grains can be obtained. seed. Seed production should be the best when the seeds from the green hardened brown seed, such seed hard rate, seed treatment is simple, high seedling rate. In addition, the seeds of licorice must be treated before sowing. The specific methods are as follows.
1, boiling water soaking method
Place the selected fresh seeds in 100 °C water (multiply) until cool, soak for 6-8 hours, remove the seeds, and rinse off the mucus on the seed coat with water.
2. Warming and leaching
The seeds were soaked in warm water for 6-8 hours. At this time, 2/3 of the seeds were full of water, divided into 2 layers with non-water-absorbing seeds (unsaturated hard seeds), unsaturated seeds down, and saturated seeds above. , But do not float on the surface of the water, but pour out the soaked seeds with water and repeat it several times until all the saturated seeds are poured out. Unsaturated seeds are soaked in boiling water at 100°C for 2-3 seconds, removed and immediately put into cold water to stimulate the seed coat to be irritated by cold and heat, and then soaked in warm water at 60°C. 2-4 Hours, together with the floating seeds, wash the mucus on the seed coat. The germination rate of seeds treated with this method can reach 91.3% and the emergence rate can reach 90%.
3, sanding and soaking method
The seeds were mixed into 1/3 fine sand and ground in a pot for 3-5 minutes until the surface of the seeds was dull and there were traces of sand and sand. The fine sand was removed and soaked in warm water at 60°C for 6-8 hours. Seed coat of mucus.
4, rice milling method
The seeds were spread on a mill plate, 3 cm thick, and the seed was turned with the mill, paying close attention to the seed coat changes. When crushed to a greenish white seed coat, soak the seed in warm water at 40°C for 2-4 hours and wash the mucus on the seed coat. The seed germination rate treated with this method reached 90%, and the emergence rate reached 85%.
5, electric rice mill grinding method
The seeds were sifted and classified first, and then the high-speed rolling of the rice mill was used to make the seeds rub each other at a high speed to cut the seed coats, grind them close to the cotyledons but not damage the cotyledons, and the degree of completeness of the seeds. The method of checking whether the treatment is qualified is to grind the seeds that have been grinded on the plate and soak them in a small amount of water for 2-4 hours. If most of the seeds have swelled, it means that the treatment is qualified and the unqualified ones can be grinded again. If the seed coat has been broken after grinding, it indicates that it has been overrun and it cannot germinate. This method saves labor, saves time, and has a good effect. The germination rate can reach 97%, which is suitable for the treatment of a large number of seeds.
6, concentrated sulfuric acid soaking method
The seed coat was thinned by the corrosive action of concentrated sulfuric acid on the seed coat. The specific method: add 100% sulfuric acid (30-34ml) per 1kg of seed, mix it evenly, and keep stirring until the seed is in full contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. After a suitable period of time, rinse it with clean water and dry it. It usually takes about 70 minutes to corrode. For some seeds with thick seed coats, it is necessary to extend the processing time. Black round corroded spots are generally preferred on most seeds. The germination rate of treated seeds can reach 90%.
1, boiling water soaking method
Place the selected fresh seeds in 100 °C water (multiply) until cool, soak for 6-8 hours, remove the seeds, and rinse off the mucus on the seed coat with water.
2. Warming and leaching
The seeds were soaked in warm water for 6-8 hours. At this time, 2/3 of the seeds were full of water, divided into 2 layers with non-water-absorbing seeds (unsaturated hard seeds), unsaturated seeds down, and saturated seeds above. , But do not float on the surface of the water, but pour out the soaked seeds with water and repeat it several times until all the saturated seeds are poured out. Unsaturated seeds are soaked in boiling water at 100°C for 2-3 seconds, removed and immediately put into cold water to stimulate the seed coat to be irritated by cold and heat, and then soaked in warm water at 60°C. 2-4 Hours, together with the floating seeds, wash the mucus on the seed coat. The germination rate of seeds treated with this method can reach 91.3% and the emergence rate can reach 90%.
3, sanding and soaking method
The seeds were mixed into 1/3 fine sand and ground in a pot for 3-5 minutes until the surface of the seeds was dull and there were traces of sand and sand. The fine sand was removed and soaked in warm water at 60°C for 6-8 hours. Seed coat of mucus.
4, rice milling method
The seeds were spread on a mill plate, 3 cm thick, and the seed was turned with the mill, paying close attention to the seed coat changes. When crushed to a greenish white seed coat, soak the seed in warm water at 40°C for 2-4 hours and wash the mucus on the seed coat. The seed germination rate treated with this method reached 90%, and the emergence rate reached 85%.
5, electric rice mill grinding method
The seeds were sifted and classified first, and then the high-speed rolling of the rice mill was used to make the seeds rub each other at a high speed to cut the seed coats, grind them close to the cotyledons but not damage the cotyledons, and the degree of completeness of the seeds. The method of checking whether the treatment is qualified is to grind the seeds that have been grinded on the plate and soak them in a small amount of water for 2-4 hours. If most of the seeds have swelled, it means that the treatment is qualified and the unqualified ones can be grinded again. If the seed coat has been broken after grinding, it indicates that it has been overrun and it cannot germinate. This method saves labor, saves time, and has a good effect. The germination rate can reach 97%, which is suitable for the treatment of a large number of seeds.
6, concentrated sulfuric acid soaking method
The seed coat was thinned by the corrosive action of concentrated sulfuric acid on the seed coat. The specific method: add 100% sulfuric acid (30-34ml) per 1kg of seed, mix it evenly, and keep stirring until the seed is in full contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. After a suitable period of time, rinse it with clean water and dry it. It usually takes about 70 minutes to corrode. For some seeds with thick seed coats, it is necessary to extend the processing time. Black round corroded spots are generally preferred on most seeds. The germination rate of treated seeds can reach 90%.
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