1 Intramuscular administration
Intramuscular injection is the injection of a liquid into muscle tissue. Muscular is rich in blood vessels, faster absorption, usually 10 minutes to work. In addition to injecting vaccines to large groups of chickens, it is generally applicable to individuals with small-onset or severe disease. The injection site is generally in the chicken's chest and leg muscles. Due to group rearing, frequent catching of chickens can cause stress or injury, affecting their productivity. For example, when a chicken is caught improperly, the airbag ruptures and causes subcutaneous air to form emphysema; the needle penetrates into deep injuries and the leg nerves cause paralysis. Or through chest injury and internal organs and die. Insufficient needle disinfection leads to infection, or human-to-human transmission of the disease without replacing needles, and some needles penetrate shallower, causing fluid to flow out. Therefore, the intramuscular injection should be light, careful and careful, syringes must be strictly disinfected, preferably a chicken a needle. In addition, to master the injection dose, especially drugs that are more sensitive to chickens, such as streptomycin, kanamycin, etc., to prevent death caused by excessive injection. Injections have a good effect on systemic infections.
2 mixed feeding
Mixed feeding is a method in which drugs are mixed into feeds step by step and fed through the flock to enter the body. This is one of the most commonly used methods of administration and is applicable to drugs that are insoluble in water. This method is available for chickens fed on powdered material and does not apply to birds fed on pelleted materials. In actual production, some people sprayed the drug suspension into the pellets, or mixed the drugs directly into the pellets, causing the drug to be distributed unevenly and causing chicken poisoning. Especially for the treatment of chicken coccidiosis drugs, such as madamcin mixed with toxic death will occur, sulfa drugs mixed into the chicken gout easily lead to defects, paralysis or death. It should be noted whether the added drugs are antagonistic or synergistic and potentiate with the drugs and ingredients in the feed. For example, the addition of Amprol inhibits the absorption of vitamin B1.
3 Drinking water
Drinking water is to dissolve water-soluble, non-destructive, and ineffective drugs into the water and allow the birds to drink freely. This method is suitable for emergency administration or when the flock does not eat or eat drastically but can drink water. To be familiar with the daily amount of water in the flock, if it is to calculate the amount of drug to be administered continuously, calculate the drug concentration, do not arbitrarily increase the amount, add the water tank to mix evenly, try to avoid the drug in the water tank for too long or suffer from sunlight Irradiation reduces efficacy. If it is a daily quantitative dosing, you can calculate the required amount of each dose based on the number of birds, weight, and then added to the water in several portions. Because the chicken's digestive tract is short, in order to maintain the duration of the drug in the digestive tract, avoid drinking water dilution and excretion accelerated. When the drug is dispensed in a batch, you can stop drinking the normal water for 30 minutes to 1 hour after the drug is finished. Note that some medicines must be prepared for use, or they will soon become ineffective, such as penicillin drinking water to prevent chicken coccidiosis. In addition, it is necessary to grasp the absorption rate of various drugs in the intestine. Because of the different absorption and utilization rates in the intestine, the therapeutic effects are different. For example, drinking water such as gentamycin and neomycin can be absorbed less in the intestine, so the treatment effect for local infections is better.
4 aerosol administration
In aerosol administration, the drug solution is sprayed in the form of an aerosol using a nebulizer or a nebulizer to form drug aerosol particles suspended in the air. The chickens inhale through the respiratory tract and enter the blood via the alveoli to achieve a therapeutic effect. This method requires strict conditions for the chicken house. It must be closed doors and windows, the temperature should be suitable to avoid causing cold stress. This method is also often used for aerosol immunization of vaccines. Calculate the dosage according to the weight of the chicken population, add proper amount of distilled water or cool boiled water, the droplet diameter is 1~5μm, spray back and forth at 20～30cm above the chicken head, close the door and window after spraying for 2~3 hours. Note that the droplets should not be too large and the spraying time should not be too long to avoid pulmonary edema. For the treatment of chicken respiratory diseases and airsacculitis have a good effect. I have used streptomycin + hydrocortisone spray treatment of chicken rhinitis, the effect is satisfactory.
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