Injury symptoms: The disease mainly damages the fruit, causing the heart to rot and early shedding. The victims of the disease started from the ventricle and gradually spread outwards. The diseased fruit turns brown and is full of gray-green molds, sometimes pink moldy. In the course of storage, when the mold develops severely, the fruit pods can be seen as water-stained, brown, and irregularly shaped wet rot plaques. The plaques can be connected to each other in pieces. Finally, the whole fruit rots and the flesh tastes bitter. The diseased fruit occasionally has a yellowish fruit surface, a malformed shape, or an earlier coloration on the tree, but the general symptoms are not obvious and it is not easy to find it. Distribution area: Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Beijing, Tianjin Disease characteristics: Mycoplasma molds are mostly weak parasites, and they live in multiple sites such as apple branches and buds, but also in the tree body. On the soil and other places, sick or dead fruit on the dead tissue, the source of bacteria is very extensive. In the spring of the second year, the infection began to spread. With the opening of the flowers, the germs first colonized the stigma. After the flowers fell, the germs began to spread from the style to the interstitial tissue, and then entered the ventricle, causing the disease. The fruit is easily detached, and some moldy fruit is brought into the storage due to the asymptomatic appearance, and will continue to be rotten in case of suitable conditions. Control methods: (1) Strengthen the cultivation and management to remove the diseased fruit at any time, collect the falling fruit, plowing the soil in autumn, and cut various stiff fruits and dead branches on the tree in winter, all of which will help reduce the bacteria source. (2) The treatment of germination before spraying 5 Baume degrees lime sulfur plus 0.3% of 80% sodium pentachlorophenol eradicate the pathogen on the tree. Spray 1 or 2 times at the early flowering stage and flowering stage, commonly used agents: 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times, 80% eutectic special wettable powder 600 times solution + help killing (or harming Liping) 1000 times, 50% Benzol 2000 times, 50% carbendazim 1000 times, etc., can effectively reduce the rate of heart failure during harvest. In addition, spraying 0.4% calcium nitrate + 0.3% borax 2-3 times during the growth period can also reduce the rate of heart failure in harvesting. (3) Biological control After the sprouting of the apple tree, spray the apple with 1000 times liquid, 15-20 days, spray 4-5 times.
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