During the wintering period of wheat, it is in the low-temperature and dry season, and it is often caused by the death of wintering seedlings. The main reasons for the wintering of dead seedlings are natural factors and human factors. In terms of natural factors, mainly cold freezing and drought failure, or drought and cold, "dry help cold" and aggravate dead seedlings.
1. Frozen dead seedlings can generally be divided into two situations: one is because the temperature is too low, and the minimum temperature limit beyond the wheat seedlings can be tolerated, so the wheat seedlings are frozen to death. The other is because the temperature is high and low, and the change is severe, causing the wheat seedling cells to freeze suddenly, destroying the normal structure of the cells, or suddenly melting after freezing, the cells are too late to absorb the molten water and be evaporated or exuded. , thus causing dead seedlings.
2, there are two kinds of drought dead seedlings: one is the lack of soil moisture, the ground continuously evaporates and loses water during the wintering process, causing drought and lack of moisture, and the wheat seedlings can not absorb water and die. The other is that although the soil is not lacking in sputum, most of the wheat roots in winter are frozen in the frozen soil layer and cannot absorb or absorb weakly. In the early winter or early spring, the temperature is often higher than 0 °C, the aboveground part is constantly transpiration, plus the winter wind is less snowy, the air is dry, the water absorbed by the roots of wheat seedlings can not compensate the water lost by the above part of the transpiration, the plant can not maintain normal body. The water balance is formed into a small amount, resulting in physiological drought, so that the aboveground part is gradually dehydrated and dried. If the soil surface is too dry and dried below the tillering section, then the tiller will dehydrate, thus causing the whole plant to die, and the wintering of the wheat In addition to natural factors, it was also caused by artificially sown semi-winter varieties with poor cold resistance, or artificial reasons such as extensive planting and poor management of seedlings. Practice has proved that as long as the fine tube is refined, whether it is frozen or dead, or drought, it can be avoided or reduced. So, how to prevent winter dead seedlings and ensure that wheat seedlings are safe for winter?
1. It is necessary to use varieties with strong resistance to cold, drought and salt and alkali resistance: do not plant spring or semi-winter varieties, do not choose the varieties that prefer hi-water and fertilization in dryland wheat fields;
2, pay attention to improve the quality of sowing: pay special attention to the three key links of the base fertilizer, the appropriate sowing, and the foot. Sowing should not be too deep or too shallow, taking one inch and a half deep as well, but also pay attention to the depth of the soil, the wheat seedlings can be neat and strong.
3, strengthen seedling management: to take various measures to promote wheat seedlings, Qi, even, Shi, to achieve strong wintering, to improve the cold resistance and drought resistance of wheat. We must also take measures to promote weak control and prevent the emergence of late weak seedlings and excessive seedlings and long seedlings.
4, do a good job of winter management: before winter, focus on doing a good job of pouring frozen water, and apply fertilizer.
Years of experience have proved that as long as the above measures are taken seriously, the wintering of wheat can be prevented.
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