1. Storage characteristics of peanut
(1) Low-temperature peanuts, such as large moisture, are easily frozen at -3 °C. The color of the frozen peanuts is gray, the cotyledons become soft, causing rancid odor and reducing the germination rate.
(2) Non-resistant high-temperature peanuts such as high-temperature drying or sun exposure, often easy to produce focal spots and cracked skin discoloration; storage at high temperatures is easy to lose oil and reduce quality.
(3) The moisture of peanuts is more than 10%, and the moisture of peanuts exceeds 8%. When it enters the hot season, it is easy to mold, and even molds such as Aspergillus can multiply, producing toxins and making peanuts poisonous.
2. Peanut storage method
(1) Peanut fruit storage Peanut fruit can be stored in the warehouse or in the open air. As long as the moisture is controlled within 9%-10%, it can be stored for a longer period of time. In the winter, the peanuts with large water content but not more than 15% can be stored in the open air. After the winter ventilation and precipitation, they will be transferred to the warehouse before the spring of the second year. Peanut fruit with a moisture content of more than 15% will suffer from frostbite when the temperature is too low, and must be stored before it can be lowered. Peanut fruit bins are sealed in bulk, with a moisture content of less than 9%. If the temperature does not exceed 28 °C, it can be stored for a longer period of time.
(2) Peanut kernel storage and storage of peanut kernels must effectively grasp the three links of dryness, low temperature and airtightness.
1 Control the moisture The long-term safe storage of peanut kernels is 8%; the basic safety of water within 9%; the moisture can be stored for a short period of time within 10% of the winter; the moisture content of 10% or more must be treated in time and cannot be stored for a long time.
2 Keep the low temperature moisture below 8%, and the temperature should not exceed 20 °C for long-term storage. Above this temperature limit, fatty acids increase significantly, causing rancidity.
3 Closed storage and sealing can prevent the infection of insects and the influence of external temperature and humidity, and is conducive to maintaining low temperature. It is the main way to preserve peanut kernels.
3. The storage method of peanut oil for storage of peanut oil is basically the same as that of soybean oil. Because peanut oil contains more saturated fatty acids, it is easier to coagulate. Generally, it will increase in concentration below 5 °C, and it will be in the form of cream at -3 °C. If the temperature is too low, it will solidify, and the oil will solidify and melt again, which is easy to oxidize. The acid price is increasing. Therefore, peanut oil should pay more attention to heat preservation in winter. In addition, peanut oil is a non-drying oil which is not easily formed into a film when exposed to air, which is advantageous for storage.
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