Water pollution is serious and water quality is declining. In order to produce green rice, we advocate the use of groundwater for water-saving irrigation.
First, water-saving irrigation technical measures to develop wells and canals combined with irrigation technology. Promote and apply the joint control technology of surface water and groundwater, promote double irrigation of wells and channels, replenish sources of water, protect water and water, and pay attention to groundwater to make up balance technology. We will vigorously promote water management techniques based on dry and wet alternate irrigation techniques in rice fields, and advocate the use of rice shallow wet control irrigation technology in rice irrigation areas to eliminate rice-string string irrigation.
Second, agronomic water-saving technology Agronomic water-saving measures can improve water use efficiency and water productivity. Saving irrigation water is the main water saving measure in agriculture. Advocate deep-plowing and deep-slung water storage technology and biological land conservation technology. Improve soil structure, increase soil water storage, maintain water and water supply capacity, increase the use of natural precipitation, and reduce irrigation water consumption. Agronomic water-saving technology can not only reduce the input cost of agricultural water, but also increase production and income.
Agronomic measures also have uniform irrigation, soil is not squashed, soil conservation and fertilizer conservation, regulation of microclimate in the field, reduction of pests and diseases, and improvement of ground temperature. Increase rice production by more than 20%.
Third, rice application of groundwater irrigation technology rice flower water transplanting. After transplanting 5 cm water layer to support the seedlings, the tillering period is 3 cm water layer. When the number of stems of the square meter reaches 90% or more, the water can be removed from the field, and the occurrence of ineffective tillering is inhibited. From the jointing to the booting stage, 2 to 3 cm of water layer, the water layer is too deep, which may cause the elongation of the rice base section and the lodging phenomenon. 10 to 12 days before heading is the meiosis stage of Yinghua. If there is a low temperature of 17 degrees, deepen the water layer 10-15 cm tires, restore the original water layer 3 days before heading, and heading to the ripening period 2 to 3 cm water. The layer is removed from the water 30 to 35 days after heading for harvesting and ploughing after autumn.
Fourth, the method of increasing groundwater temperature Groundwater temperature is 5.6 °C, 10 °C lower than the Weihe River water temperature, must take measures to increase temperature : 1 build wide and shallow channels, detour to extend the waterway, delay the time to enter the field, receive sunlight, each extension The 100-meter process can increase the water temperature by 1 to 2 °C. 2 Change the string irrigation to the shallow water of the stagnant water, so as to close the pool and stabilize the water layer, receive more sunshine, warm up quickly, balance the water temperature in the field, and prevent the loss of water. 3 night irrigation, near the land, the temperature difference between the temperature and the water temperature has a great impact on the growth and development of rice, the water temperature is restricted by the temperature, the daytime temperature is high and the groundwater temperature difference is large, and the nighttime temperature is low and the groundwater temperature difference is small. Especially after the summer solstice, the night is short and long, and the warming effect is good, which is conducive to rice development. 4 change the water inlet, widen the pad and the water nozzle. Slowing the flow of water, filling the inlet, increasing the contact surface of the sun, is conducive to raising the water temperature, the growth and development of rice near the mouth, often affected by low water temperature, prone to late maturity and lodging. Therefore, it is necessary to change the water port frequently to prevent this phenomenon from happening. 5 channels cover the old plastic film to facilitate temperature increase. Covering the 100-meter channel can increase the water temperature by 3 to 4 °C, and the black color is better. If a 30- to 40-meter-long "small white flower" soft tube is fixed at the wellhead, the water temperature can be increased by 0.7 to 3.1 °C after irradiation with sunlight. 6 Adjust the water layer, implement round irrigation, and reduce the number of irrigation. 2 to 3 days with water layer, 2 to 3 days of wet, 2 to 3 days to dry, in order to improve the geothermal water temperature, water-saving irrigation.
5. Rice water saving irrigation includes policy technology. The project will save water in the comprehensive technology and management system, and use the above-mentioned water-saving means to achieve the goal of maximizing water conservation and promote the sustainable development of agricultural towns.
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