In winter greenhouse vegetable cultivation, there are calcium deficiency young leaves, coke edge, lack of zinc leaflets, iron deficiency yellowing, lack of boron top bud necrosis root growth, etc., various kinds of deficiency diseases are more and more difficult to distinguish, it is more difficult to control . It is well-known that the lack of vegetables is due to the fact that the root system does not absorb enough nutrients in time to perform abnormalities, but the root cause of malabsorption is not necessarily the lack of such an element in the soil. Most of the time it is due to the management of fertilization and watering. Improper measures lead to deterioration of soil properties, or the effective activity of nutrients in the soil is reduced, and it is difficult for undercooked meals to be swallowed, or the roots do not grow well. Although the meals are delicious, they cannot be eaten. Therefore, the winter greenhouse vegetable fertilization should pay attention to ten not appropriate.
First, it is not appropriate to use a large amount of cake fat that is not cooked. Because the cake fertilizer contains more nitrogen, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is small and the decomposition is fast. Locally, high temperature and high concentration of ammonia and organic acids are easily generated and the root is easily burned. The crushed crushed straw should be added to the manure and urine, and the manure and urine should be soaked for about 3 to 5 weeks before high temperature fermentation.
Second, ammonium sulfate should not be used, and ammonium bicarbonate should not be used. Ammonium sulfate is a physiological acid fertilizer that will increase the acidity of the soil and damage the soil structure after application. After the application of ammonium bicarbonate, a large amount of ammonia gas is volatilized, which is unfavorable to the growth of vegetables in a highly permeable greenhouse.
Third, it is not appropriate to use chemical fertilizers containing chlorine. Chloride ions can reduce the starch and sugar content of vegetables, make the quality of vegetables worse, the yield decreases, and chloride ions remain in the soil, can lead to acidification of the soil, easily lead to decalcification of the soil.
Fourth, it should not be applied under drought conditions. Vegetables are hi-water crops. Fertilizing when the soil is dry, not only can the fertilizer effect not be fully exerted, but also the concentration of soil solution can suddenly increase, making it easier for the vegetables to burn their roots. Therefore, the fertilization of vegetables should be combined with irrigation, or fertilization should be carried out, and the fertilizer should be irrigated afterwards, or it can be top-dressed with water.
Fifth, it is not appropriate to use more diammonium phosphate. Most vegetables need less phosphorus, and too much phosphorus will inhibit the absorption of trace elements. Diammonium phosphate should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash to avoid ammonia volatilization and ammonia damage.
6. Potassium fertilizer should not be applied at the late stage of vegetable growth. Vegetables generally require more potassium before and after flowering and gradually decrease thereafter.
Seventh, it is not appropriate to use phosphate fertilizer dispersedly. Phosphorus is easily absorbed and solidified by the soil and loses its fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, it is best to apply the phosphorus fertilizer as a base fertilizer in a ditch or in a vegetable-intensive soil layer in the early stage of the vegetable.
VIII. It is not appropriate to use large amounts of zinc and iron fertilizers in the soil. Zinc and iron are trace elements and are difficult to be absorbed by the root system in the soil, and conduction is also slow. Therefore, the base fertilizer can be added with appropriate amount of zinc-iron fertilizer, and when the vegetables are deficient in zinc, they are sprayed with foliar fertilizers containing zinc elements (such as the Chinese Medicator), and the effect is faster.
Nine, it is not appropriate to spray potassium fertilizer and calcium fertilizer at the same time. Potassium and calcium are less likely to be absorbed by vegetable leaves and should be sprayed together, but boron and calcium, zinc, and iron can be sprayed better.
Ten, should not be a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer. In winter, the soil temperature is low, and the root absorption capacity is somewhat poor. A large number of fertilizers are applied at one time and the root system can absorb very little. The fertilizers gradually accumulated in the soil will in turn deteriorate the soil properties and reduce the absorption capacity of the root system. Therefore, in the winter, it is necessary to eat less and more meals.
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