In autumn, vegetables are extremely vulnerable to pests and diseases, and cultivation and management are more difficult. It is necessary to adopt “three-strengthening†management to achieve high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency vegetables.
Fertilizer management At present, vegetables are in a critical period of growth, some of which have entered the harvesting period. At this time, fertilizer and water management must be strengthened. Fertilization should follow the principle of “multiple application of organic fertilizer and less application of chemical fertilizersâ€. Leaf vegetables (such as cabbage and celery) should be topdressed with nitrogen and calcium fertilizers, supplemented with potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and some intermediate and trace elements (calcium). , zinc, magnesium, etc., with a certain amount of foliar fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.); fruits and vegetables (such as watermelon, wax gourd, tomatoes, etc.) should be dominated by phosphorus, potassium, supplemented by nitrogen, increase in some, The application of trace element fertilizers; root vegetable (such as carrots, white radish) mainly potassium fertilizer, supplemented by phosphate fertilizer and trace element fertilizer. Watering and draining should be properly done. When drought, pay attention to watering, watering, and keeping water wet. When the rainfall is heavy, pay attention to drainage and dig the drainage ditch. In particular, root vegetables and melons and vegetables are greatly affected, and stagnant water can easily cause roots, rot, and other diseases. At the same time, after the heavy rain (in well-drained conditions), one well water is poured to lower the ground temperature, and the watering can be combined with fertilization.
Weed management in the field, we must often cultivator weeding, loose soil not too deep, so as not to hurt the root. Try not to use herbicides as much as possible, which has a greater impact on the growth of vegetables. Ridges, ridges, ridges for ridging vegetables (such as cabbage, green onions) due to rainfall or watering damage should be promptly ridiculed, vegetables that did not have to ridging in time to timely cultivation according to the actual situation of vegetable growth, so that drainage smooth Without water, reduce disease. Planting: For scaffolding vegetables (such as cucumbers, beans, tomatoes, etc.), we must promptly organize the plants (hiccups, picking old leaves, diseased leaves) in order to facilitate ventilation, light transmission, and increase the fruit setting rate. The peripheral leaves of the plant cannot be removed, but the inner leaves must be removed to increase the air permeability inside the plant. It should be noted that after the technique, wiping, and defoliating, the fruit often suffers from sunburn due to sudden exposure to sunlight. For squash and other vegetables, stay vines should be reasonable, control groups should not be too large, in order to help enhance disease resistance.
Diseases and Insect Pests Prevention Vegetables mainly include blight, viral disease, soft rot, downy mildew, root rot, powdery mildew, leguminosae, aphids, and some physiological diseases such as cracking, falling fruit, and poor growth. Farmers should adhere to the principle of "prevention from disease and treatment from the outside," and advocate the use of biological pesticides.
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