First, site selection
1. Choose to keep a distance of 500 meters or more between the village (or residential area) and the village (or residential area).
2. There are no chemical factories, slaughterhouses, tanneries, paper mills, mines and other enterprises that are likely to cause environmental pollution within 1000 meters.
3. The terrain is high dry, leeward sunny, flat and slightly sloped, easy to drain.
4. Select a place that has not been contaminated and has experienced a major infectious disease.
5. The distance from other livestock and poultry farms is more than 500 meters.
6. More than 500 meters away from the main highway.
7. Have a reliable power supply.
Second, the area
1. The total area of ​​the farm area occupied by the pig farm is 2.5-4.0 square meters for a fattening pig per year or 45-50 square meters for each breeding sow.
2. The total construction area of ​​the pig house is calculated by the annual slaughter of 0.8-1.0 square meters for finishing pigs. The other auxiliary building area of ​​the farm is calculated by the annual slaughter of 0.12-0.15 square meters for pigs.
Third, the site planning
Pig farms are generally divided into life management areas, production auxiliary areas, production areas, isolation areas and harmless treatment areas. Net roads and sewage roads are separated. The life management area is located in the upwind and high-lying areas in the dominant direction all the year round, and the isolation area and the harmless treatment area are located in the downwind and low-lying areas where the prevailing direction of the area is constant.
Fourth, pig building construction
1. The piggery should be arranged in the order of the breeding house and the breeding house.
2. The gap between each room is not less than 7 meters and the distance between the front and back is not less than 9 meters.
Five internal settings
1. 1.2m above the inner wall floor should be set with concrete skirts, the aisle width is 1.2m, and the gradient from the aisle to the east-west wall is 3% respectively.
2. The defecation ditch is set in the house, and the dung manhole is close to the east-west wall. The ditch is 50 centimeters wide and 50 centimeters deep. The slope of the excrement ditch can be 10-15 centimeters/10 meters.
3. Biogas digesters in pig houses are 0.15 m3 digesters/pigs.
Fifth, the lighting of the pig
Lighting in piggery not only affects the health and productivity of pigs, but also affects the working conditions of managers. Lighting in piggery is generally based on natural lighting, supplemented by artificial lighting.
(1) When the natural light and the pig house are in natural light, the light is mainly passed into the house through the window. Therefore, the key to natural lighting is to ensure the lighting standards of the pig house by properly designing the position, shape, quantity, and area of ​​the window, and to make the lighting uniform within the house. In the production, the window of the pig house is usually designed according to the lighting factor (the ratio of the effective lighting area of ​​the window to the floor area of ​​the pig house). The lighting factor of the breeder house is 1:10?12, and the fat house is 1:12-- 15. The number, shape and arrangement of the windows of a pig house should be determined based on the local climatic conditions and the structural characteristics of the pig house, taking into account factors such as protection against cold, heatstroke, and ventilation.
(2) artificial light, when the natural light is insufficient, artificial light should be added to supplement artificial light, usually 40 to 50 watts from the incandescent, fluorescent, etc., the lights from the ground 2 meters, according to about 3 meters away from the lamp layout. When the span is large, two or more rows of light bulbs should be installed and the two rows of light bulbs should be staggered so that the light can be evenly distributed throughout the house.
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