The scientific research personnel of Peanut Scientific Research and Development Center in Pingdu City, Shandong Province, recently researched and concluded a wheat and peanut one-year dual-protection cultivation technology system for double cropping, and achieved a stable foundation for 500 kg per mu for wheat and 400 kg per mu for live peanuts in summer. At the same time, we are moving toward higher production targets. The technical system is based on the early-mature and very early-mature wheat and peanut varieties as the basic carrier, highly optimized and integrated high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology as the core content, advanced and complete agricultural machinery such as sowing and harvesting is an important guarantee for standardization. Fundamentally overcome the shortcomings of interplanting peanuts in wheat fields to achieve double high yields and difficulties in wheat stalks and wheat husks, as well as the difficulty in direct delivery of all crops to the fields and the inability to popularize and popularize mechanized operations. The high-yield, high-efficiency cultivation technology is highly integrated, the mechanization of field operations is complete, the operation quality is accurately standardized, and the manual operation is very simple. There is no need for large-scale training of farmers, and it is easy to popularize and show good development prospects. Vigorously developing summer live peanuts has very important strategies and realities for ensuring food safety in China, optimizing planting structure, advancing the process of agricultural mechanization, accelerating the popularization of new technology achievements, increasing the income of farmers, promoting sustainable development of agriculture, and improving the quality of seed retention. significance.
First, increase the total output of peanuts The growth pattern of the total output of peanuts in China and even the world lags far behind the growth rate of total demand. It will not and can not be fundamentally changed in the short term. The contradiction in the supply of peanuts is becoming increasingly prominent. From a strategic point of view, vigorously developing the summer direct seeded peanuts is one of the effective ways to increase total peanut production without affecting or even increasing the total output of other crops such as grain.
Second, to optimize the structure of planting industry Peanuts are leguminous crops, and other crops have been planted afterwards, especially crops such as wheat and corn have suffered from a relatively small number of diseases and increase in output. Peasants call it a "sweet pod." The participation of peanuts in the rotation system is the best combination for optimizing the crop structure, scientifically and rationally utilizing land and climate resources, and improving output efficiency.
3. Promoting the mechanization process In the summer, the major production links such as cultivation, planting, and harvesting of peanuts have achieved full-scale mechanization operations, with a high degree of standardization, good accuracy, and a high degree of confidence in creating high yields. Not only has the production efficiency been greatly improved, but also the labor intensity has been reduced. What is more important is to facilitate timely sowing, farmers are willing to accept, and the promotion process has been accelerated.
IV. Accelerating the promotion of new technology achievements Summer live directing High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of peanuts are highly optimized and integrated, and mechanized operations have been integrated. Many complicated and elaborate cultivation techniques have evolved into “lazy man†or “fool†cultivation techniques, as long as extremely early and high yields are used. The variety "Yuyu 1" or "Yuyu 2" is planted with the newly developed KJMYF-2 peanut seeder, which is the result of the application of conventional and high-tech cultivation techniques for peanuts. The yield per mu is 400 kg, which is surely higher. also possible.
V. Increasing Peasants' Income Peanuts are the economic crops of Daejeon that are “three stable and one high†(that is, stable output, stable market, stable price, and high efficiency). According to a more reliable production index of 400 kg per mu and a market price of 6 yuan per kg in 2007, the main product peanut income per mu is about 2,400 yuan, and the stem can also produce about 300 kg, worth more than 100 yuan. About 2 to 3 times as much as other crops in the same season.
VI. Promoting sustainable development of agriculture In the summer live peanuts, wheat straw and wheat stubs can all be directly returned to the field. This not only provides some nutrients for peanuts, but also mainly improves soil structure, increases organic matter content, improves soil fertility, realizes a healthy cycle, and promotes agriculture. Continuous development.
Seventh, raise the seed quality of seed quality Summer live peanuts are reserved for the following year seedlings, seedlings are quick, seedlings and seedlings emergence rate are high, growth is good. The gradual implementation of the summer seeded breeding peanut seeds for spring sowing next year is one of the effective measures to reduce mixing opportunities, ensure seed purity, and increase peanut production.
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