Linqing City, Shandong Province has a long history of cotton-planting, is an old cotton planting area, the annual planting area of ​​about 300,000 acres. Due to the improper use of pesticides or the use of the wrong drug, cotton produces harms every year, resulting in reduced or absolute production of cotton, causing great economic losses to farmers. In order to avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity, we have conducted thorough investigations and analysis of the characteristics, methods of control and remedial measures of phytotoxicity anomalies in recent years by going through the fields and consulting data.
First, the three major drug damage diagnosis and identification
1. Diagnosis and identification of pests and fungicides. The extent of damage caused by insecticides and fungicides is not only related to cotton varieties, developmental stages and morphological characteristics, but also different types of pesticides, and their harm symptoms are also different. Such as dichlorvos very strong gasification, if the 1000 times liquid spray 2 times to make cotton leaf smoked dry; affected by the lime sulfur poisoning, cotton plant leaves, shells will have burns, plaques, leaves will soon dry Shedding; Lithosulphide mixture is a strong alkaline agent, use Bordeaux mixture for 7 to 10 days after use. If lime sulfur is sprayed within 1-2 months after spraying Bordeaux mixture, the leaves of the cotton plant will be black. Copper sulfide precipitates, causing phytotoxicity. In short, when using cotton insecticides and fungicides, several pesticides (especially inorganic pesticides) should be used for a certain period of time in order to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxicity caused by the interaction of different pharmacological agents. In addition, the degree of occurrence of cotton injury is also affected by the environment, such as spraying at high temperatures, due to the large amount of high-temperature water evaporation, the concentration of the agent will increase, so that the cotton leaves appear spots, yellow, curl, until the death of coke .
2. Herbicide phytotoxicity diagnosis and identification. There are more than 30 types of weeds common in cotton fields. In cotton production, improper use of herbicides often induces phytotoxicity, and the symptoms of phytotoxicity often show variability and diversity, including growth inhibition, stem and leaf bending, twisting, curling, internode shortening, blade thickening, and chlorosis. , albino, dead spots and deformities. If diuron is absorbed by cotton, it is difficult to conduct upwards. If two distillate leaves are used in cotton, the damage rate of cotton will be more than 90%; after the paraquat phytotoxicity, it will make the cotton's tender leaves. Fading, losing green and withering. After being harmed by trifluralin, it can cause the true leaves of the 2nd and 3rd plants of the cotton plant to shrink and become smaller, and the serious injury will cause the green color of the cotyledon of the cotton, thickening and brittleness, thickening of the stem base, and shortening of the plant. , It may even cause growth point necrosis and lateral branching. In addition, cotton is extremely sensitive to 2,4-D and is often used in production due to the use of 2,4-D sprayers that have not been washed and used in cotton fields (or drifting to nearby areas when spraying with other crops with 2,4-D). Cotton field) caused by phytotoxicity, the damaged cotton plants showed that the leaves become smaller, narrower, distort the pulse stem, shrinking, deformed, often chicken-like.
3. Diagnosis and identification of plant growth regulators. Improper use of plant growth regulators can also cause artificial phytotoxicity to cotton plants. For example, chlormequat is a trace, high-efficiency, and has the function of inhibiting the growth of crop cells (without inhibiting cell division). Under the appropriate temperature, it can effectively control the vegetative growth of plants and promote reproductive growth. However, insect-resistant cotton is more sensitive to chlormequat, such as excessive concentration of drugs, excessive use of drugs, which will inhibit the growth of cotton, make the cotton plant is too short, poor ventilation and light transmission, Lei Ling easily fall off, cotton bolls become deformed and so on.
Second, control methods
1. Choose good quality medicine. The emulsifiable concentrates must not be flocculent precipitated, and the pharmaceuticals must be dispersed in the water. They must be able to disperse themselves and form white emulsions with no emulsifiable concentrate on them. The powdered medicaments cannot have agglomerates, otherwise they are particularly prone to phytotoxicity; WPs and powders should be uniformly distributed. Disperse in water, otherwise it will produce phytotoxicity.
2. The number of application should be appropriate. The number of pesticides used should be determined based on the frequency of the pests and the duration of the pesticides. The number of pesticide application is less, and the control effect is not achieved. The number of pesticides is more likely to cause injury.
3. Reasonably formulate the liquid concentration. The concentration of the drug solution should not be too high. According to the instructions, it is reasonable to formulate it. Some peasants treat the disease with eagerness to treat the disease. They fear that the pesticide is diluted and no matter what. Therefore, if the concentration is increased, it will often be counterproductive, resulting in phytotoxicity.
4. Rationally mix pesticides. In the formulation of pesticides, the following pesticides should not be mixed: organophosphorus insecticides and alkaline Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur; emulsifiable concentrates and certain water-soluble chemicals; Bordeaux mixture and lime sulfur.
5. The liquid must be used with it. After the liquid medicine is properly prepared, it must be used in a timely manner. The effect of long-term control of pesticides will be reduced, and sometimes precipitation will occur. Spraying this kind of pesticide can easily cause damage to cotton.
6. Avoid spraying during the sensitive period of cotton. In general, mature tissues of cotton are more resistant to drugs, younger organizations are less resistant to drugs, and are very sensitive to pesticides. Therefore, when selecting the type of drug, determining the concentration and frequency of spraying, consider the “phase of cotton growthâ€. Factors, especially in the flowering period of cotton, minimize the application of pesticides. In addition, spraying at high temperatures is also prone to phytotoxicity. Therefore, try not to administer it at noon in the summer.
Third, remedial measures
1. Water spray medicine. If the leaves and plants spray liquid medicine caused by the damage, and found early, the liquid did not completely penetrated or absorbed into the plant body, can be quickly sprayed with a lot of water damage the cotton plant, repeated spraying 3 to 4 times washing.
2. Irrigation detoxification. For some of the poisonous soil and some herbicides caused by the phytotoxicity, can be appropriate irrigation or drainage rinsing drugs to reduce toxicity, which can reduce the degree of injury.
3. Remove the damaged foliage. After the leaves have suffered phytotoxicity, the chlorophyll discolored leaves must be removed in time to control the penetration of the pharmaceutical agent in the plants.
4. Top dressing promote seedlings. For phytotoxicity caused by contact-killing agents, and the leaves have produced symptoms such as patchy spots and leaf scorch, water spray irrigation is not effective at all, and can be used as top-dressing cultivator, and Mushi urea is 5-6 kilograms to promote the recovery and growth of cotton plants. Damage degree.
5. Remission of hormones. For regulators and herbicides that inhibit and interfere with crop growth, gibberellin-like plant growth regulators can be sprayed to reduce the extent of injury when the phytotoxicity occurs. Such as 2,4-D injury, can shoot deformed branches and spray gibberellin to promote collateral growth.
All In One Vape device with 90W full-out power. Very huge vapor and great throat hit.
Priest AIO90 is the only All-In-One device from MARVEC. 90W full-power smart chip, fire fast, super explosive power. The advised lowest resistance is 0.1ohm, making super huge vapor. Made of aluminum alloy, carbon fiber design. Wearproof, no depigmentation. Other awesome styles are coming soon!
Dongguan Marvec Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd, was established in 2012, is a comprehensive technology enterprise specializing in the r&d,production, sales and service of high-tech healthy e-cigarettes. Marvec always insists on the spirit of independent innovation and pursuit of excellence, and aims to product healthy e-cigarettes, become a first-class international manufacturing and service enterprise. The company has a strong technical research and development and product production capacity, with solid quality control and perfect after-sales service, we have a stable customer base and a good reputation in the domestic and international market. The company has a number of international certification and technical patents, products through CE, ROHS, FCC and other international tests, our products are exported to various countries and regions of the world. We are willing to work with our partners around the world to create a healthy and free new life!
All In One Vape
All In One Vape,Starter Kit,90W Vape,In All In One Kit
Dongguan Marvec Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd , http://www.marvec-cn.com