In recent years, various regions have been vigorously developing Ginkgo biloba production as one of the ways for farmers to increase their income. However, in the production practice, two kinds of diseases are often encountered: one is the "stem rot of the ginkgo seedlings," and the other is the "ginkgo leaf spot." Both of these diseases are transmitted by rain and cause re-infection.
"Ginkgo seedlings stalk rot" is a typical stem disease, the performance of symptoms is "drooping", "expanding", "middle nucleus." There are two cases of “saggingâ€. One is that at the early stage of disease, the stem base of the seedlings is stained brown near the ground and slightly hangs down. Another condition is that in the middle of disease, the leaves do not fall off. "Upward expansion" means that in the middle stage of disease, the lesion gradually surrounds the base of the stem of the ginkgo seedlings and quickly expands upwards. The "mesenogenic nucleus" is in the late stage of disease. The epithelial layer of the stem is slightly shrunken. The pathogen continues to invade the xylem and the pith, and the pith is dark brown, and the middle empty stem gradually produces black sclerotia, and later the disease spreads to the root. Finally, the entire root system cortex decayed and the upper plant died. Under normal circumstances, in the early years when the plum blossom season was short and the duration of the rainy season was short, the onset was early and severe, resulting in dead seedlings. In severe cases, the mortality rate reached 90%.
"Ginkgo Brown Spot" is a typical leaf disease. Symptoms are manifestations of large lesions, ie, primary red-brown with small patches of dark edges, followed by expansion along the veins. Most small lesions can aggregate and synthesize irregular large lesions to form a conjoined body. Finally, ginkgo can be formed. Most of the leaves of the tree were covered, and spots on both sides scattered small black dots (spore disks). In the summer and fall season, high temperature and high humidity weather conditions are conducive to disease, resulting in early defoliation, plant growth decline, weakening growth potential, affect the extraction of new shoots and fruiting, but will not die, dead trees.
The key to prevention and control of ginkgo is to strengthen management. The specific countermeasures are:
Strengthen ginkgo garden management. For gardens where gingko trees are planted, they should do a good job in clearing the gardens in winter to remove the debris from the fields in a timely manner so as to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria. In combination with ginkgo biloba soil, weeds can be eradicated in time; during the rainy season, we can do a good job in cleanliness. Draining to reduce the humidity in the field and enhance the disease resistance of the seedlings.
Strengthen fertilizer management. Both basic fertilizer and top dressing should be organic fertilizers to promote the growth of the seedlings and improve their resistance to diseases.
Strengthen the management of temperature and light. In the high temperature season, shade shelters shall be erected on the seedbeds to cover the shade nets. In the onset season, straw can be used to cover the seedbeds, thereby reducing the light intensity, soil temperature, and reducing the incidence rate, promoting the growth of the ginkgo seedlings.
Strengthen chemical prevention. Chemical agents can be used 400 g/L fluazocarb (also known as Guixing) 8000 to 10000 times, or 62.25% mancozeb oxime azole wettable powder (also known as Xing Jie) 600 times, or more than 10% Antimycin B WP (also known as Bao Kang) 800 times evenly sprayed on seedlings or mature Ginkgo biloba leaves.
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