1 Seed treatment before seeding
1.1 Sowing and pre-seeding seeds before sowing can improve the air permeability and water absorption of the seed coat, promote the transformation of nutrients in the embryo, and thus increase the germination ability of the seed. At the same time, after exposure to sunlight, the seeds can also kill many pathogens and eggs that are parasitic or attached to the seed coat. When drying, it should be even and thin, often turning so that the seeds can fully receive sunlight. After the seeds are sun dried, they are cleaned to remove impurities; artificially selected, the mixed diploid and tetraploid seeds are removed.
1.2 Soaking
1.2.1 Soaking seed with warm soup. After soaking, the selected seeds were soaked in warm water at 55°C to disinfect and sterilize, and at the same time, they were naturally cold-cut and soaked for 5-8 h. The amount of warm water was 3-4 times of the seed volume. 15 minutes before soaking, stirring should be continued to prevent the seeds from being burned due to excessive heat and temperature, and the seeds can be evenly heated and fully sterilized.
1.2.2 boiled quickly hot water. Quickly hot-seed with hot water above 90°C and then soaked. The specific method is: first prepare two pots, a pot of blooming water, a pot of Sheng seeds. Pour the seeds into the pots of blooming water and immediately switch back and forth immediately. Never avoid excessive time. After about 1 minute, remove the seeds and replace them with clear water. Soak for 5-7 hours.
1.3 There are many shell-breaking methods. The easiest way to do it is to use the mouth “scorpionâ€. When the “scorpions†are soaked, the umbilicals of the washed and dried seeds are placed between the upper and lower incisors. A bite, you can just hear the "click" sound. Do not use too much force so as not to hurt the seed.
1.4 Pregermination
1.4.1 Electrothermic incubator for germination: Use a wet towel to wrap the seeds into a roll of cloth, place it in a dish with a heat preservation function, place it in an electric thermostat, control the temperature at 33-35°C, and germinate after 24-36 h. . Initially, the temperature can be appropriately increased to promote seed germination, and then can be reduced to 30 °C to avoid elongation of the hypocotyls. Chen seeds should be properly extended germination time.
1.4.2 Hot-water bottle pregermination: half a bottle of warm water at 35°C is contained in the bottle. Then put the smashed seeds in a water bottle wrapped in a wet cloth. The cloth is 2-5 cm away from the water surface. The bottle mouth does not have to be stoppered. The hanging line is attached to the handle of the thermos bottle and the warm water in the bottle can be replaced within 10-12 hours. 30- The germination can be completed in 40 h.
2 The quality of seed harvested at the suitable period for tetraploid seed melons and the germination rate are closely related to the physiological changes during seed maturation. The fully mature seed germination rate is higher than that of immature seeds, especially the seed embryos of seedless watermelon seeds are not full. If the fruits and seeds are not fully grown in the mature process, not only the product quality is affected, but also the seed germination is directly affected. Rate and offspring growth and development, so the tetraploid seed melon must be fully mature to harvest. The main methods for judging the ripeness of watermelons are visual inspection, marking, and touch tapping.
3 Grasp the proper fermentation time and wash the seeds in time According to Bao Haiqing's experiments, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds has a close relationship with the fermentation time of tetraploid seed melons. It is suggested that the seedlings should be washed and washed along with the harvesting, which is one of the key measures to overcome the low germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds.
4 Master correct storage and detection methods to ensure seed quality
4.1 Seed moisture storage, maturity and cleanliness of seed storage must comply with national standards, and all seeds that do not meet the storage criteria are not to be sent to the warehouse. After the qualified seeds enter the warehouse, they should be placed in an even and orderly manner to ensure good ventilation. The temperature, storage temperature, and seed temperature variation range follow the middle and lower layers of the seed temperature. From January to March, the changes in the upper seed heap humidity mainly come from two aspects: one is the influence of air humidity, and the other is the seed itself. Impact. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the changes in the hygrometer in the warehouse in time to ensure proper storage environment for the seeds.
4.2 Detection of seed storage period During the seed storage period, due to the seed's own life activities and environmental conditions, the seed status may change, and the seed quality inspection should be conducted regularly so as to find the problem in time. Its main contents include temperature detection, moisture detection, germination rate detection, insects and mouse detection.
1.1 Sowing and pre-seeding seeds before sowing can improve the air permeability and water absorption of the seed coat, promote the transformation of nutrients in the embryo, and thus increase the germination ability of the seed. At the same time, after exposure to sunlight, the seeds can also kill many pathogens and eggs that are parasitic or attached to the seed coat. When drying, it should be even and thin, often turning so that the seeds can fully receive sunlight. After the seeds are sun dried, they are cleaned to remove impurities; artificially selected, the mixed diploid and tetraploid seeds are removed.
1.2 Soaking
1.2.1 Soaking seed with warm soup. After soaking, the selected seeds were soaked in warm water at 55°C to disinfect and sterilize, and at the same time, they were naturally cold-cut and soaked for 5-8 h. The amount of warm water was 3-4 times of the seed volume. 15 minutes before soaking, stirring should be continued to prevent the seeds from being burned due to excessive heat and temperature, and the seeds can be evenly heated and fully sterilized.
1.2.2 boiled quickly hot water. Quickly hot-seed with hot water above 90°C and then soaked. The specific method is: first prepare two pots, a pot of blooming water, a pot of Sheng seeds. Pour the seeds into the pots of blooming water and immediately switch back and forth immediately. Never avoid excessive time. After about 1 minute, remove the seeds and replace them with clear water. Soak for 5-7 hours.
1.3 There are many shell-breaking methods. The easiest way to do it is to use the mouth “scorpionâ€. When the “scorpions†are soaked, the umbilicals of the washed and dried seeds are placed between the upper and lower incisors. A bite, you can just hear the "click" sound. Do not use too much force so as not to hurt the seed.
1.4 Pregermination
1.4.1 Electrothermic incubator for germination: Use a wet towel to wrap the seeds into a roll of cloth, place it in a dish with a heat preservation function, place it in an electric thermostat, control the temperature at 33-35°C, and germinate after 24-36 h. . Initially, the temperature can be appropriately increased to promote seed germination, and then can be reduced to 30 °C to avoid elongation of the hypocotyls. Chen seeds should be properly extended germination time.
1.4.2 Hot-water bottle pregermination: half a bottle of warm water at 35°C is contained in the bottle. Then put the smashed seeds in a water bottle wrapped in a wet cloth. The cloth is 2-5 cm away from the water surface. The bottle mouth does not have to be stoppered. The hanging line is attached to the handle of the thermos bottle and the warm water in the bottle can be replaced within 10-12 hours. 30- The germination can be completed in 40 h.
2 The quality of seed harvested at the suitable period for tetraploid seed melons and the germination rate are closely related to the physiological changes during seed maturation. The fully mature seed germination rate is higher than that of immature seeds, especially the seed embryos of seedless watermelon seeds are not full. If the fruits and seeds are not fully grown in the mature process, not only the product quality is affected, but also the seed germination is directly affected. Rate and offspring growth and development, so the tetraploid seed melon must be fully mature to harvest. The main methods for judging the ripeness of watermelons are visual inspection, marking, and touch tapping.
3 Grasp the proper fermentation time and wash the seeds in time According to Bao Haiqing's experiments, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds has a close relationship with the fermentation time of tetraploid seed melons. It is suggested that the seedlings should be washed and washed along with the harvesting, which is one of the key measures to overcome the low germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds.
4 Master correct storage and detection methods to ensure seed quality
4.1 Seed moisture storage, maturity and cleanliness of seed storage must comply with national standards, and all seeds that do not meet the storage criteria are not to be sent to the warehouse. After the qualified seeds enter the warehouse, they should be placed in an even and orderly manner to ensure good ventilation. The temperature, storage temperature, and seed temperature variation range follow the middle and lower layers of the seed temperature. From January to March, the changes in the upper seed heap humidity mainly come from two aspects: one is the influence of air humidity, and the other is the seed itself. Impact. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the changes in the hygrometer in the warehouse in time to ensure proper storage environment for the seeds.
4.2 Detection of seed storage period During the seed storage period, due to the seed's own life activities and environmental conditions, the seed status may change, and the seed quality inspection should be conducted regularly so as to find the problem in time. Its main contents include temperature detection, moisture detection, germination rate detection, insects and mouse detection.
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