First, selection of white sesame seeds for production should use high-yield, high-resistance, strong white grain Yuzhi 4th, Yuzhi 8th, Yuzhi 10th and other varieties. In order to overcome the low yield and serious diseases and insect pests of sesame continuous cropping, after repeated trials, the same piece of ground was planted with Yuzhi No. 4 in the previous year, and Yuzhi No. 8 planted in the next year was 11.6% more than the still cultivated Yuzhi No. 4; A decrease of 14.6%, so it should be strongly advocated to exchange good varieties in the next year.
Second, the timely sowing of sesame seeding is in the end of May to early June, when the time of rape, wheat grab the critical period, if the weather is not good, will directly affect its timely sowing, this should be a piece of a Teng Poor soil moisture before sowing, to ensure that the whole seedlings broadcast.
Pre-seeding seeds and soil treatment are the key to guaranteeing complete seedlings. Use 50% phoxim 50-100 ml per acre, add 50% carbendazim 150 ml, mix in 2 to 2.5 kg of fried wheat bran or sesame cake, simmer for 1 to 2 hours, then sprinkle in. In the sowing field, pesticides should not be mixed directly with sesame seeds, so as not to affect sprouting, and the sesame seeds will be sunned for 2 to 3 hours before sowing. If the sensation is good, 250-300 grams per acre can be sown. If the pods are poor, 500 grams per acre is sown to ensure that the whole seedling is broadcast. When sowing is carried out, wide and narrow rows (40cm20cm) or wide rows (40cm40cm) are used. Seed sowing is used for the sowing of seeds.
Third, chemical weeding chemical Weeding is divided into seedlings before and after seedlings. Before seedlings, use 50% acetochlor 100-150 ml per acre within 3 days after sowing and watering 40-50 kg to spray on the surface. Before 9:00 AM or after 5 PM, spray evenly. Do not spray it evenly. Re-spray or missed spray, if the situation is poor, but also more water, but dry broadcast rain land, not before the seedling herbicide. After the seedlings, during the period of 2 to 4 leaves of weeds, the plots with monocotyledonous weeds in the field were killed with 3.5% fine and steady 50 ml of diluted water, 40-50 kilograms per acre, spraying of stems and leaves, and dicots in the field. The weed-based plots were sprayed with 25% Huwei 60-75 ml watered 40-50 kg per acre for stem and leaf spray, single and dicotyledon mixed plots, and can be sprayed after mating with the above two agents, but The amount should be reduced appropriately.
Fourth, field management (1) seedling management, nurturing strong seedlings, timely cultivator. Strong seedlings are the basis for the high yield of sesame. Early seedlings, early seedlings, and iron seedlings should be planted in early cultivators. When the sesame seedlings grow 1st to 2nd on the true leaves, the first time the seedlings are grown, and when it grows to 3~4 pairs of true leaves, the second time the seedlings are set and the seedlings are seeded, and the seedlings should be even when the seedlings are set, generally 10,000 to 12,000 mu are left. In early sowing and high-fertility plots, 8,000 to 10,000 plants per mu are suitable. When the shovels are used for cultivating at the time of setting seedlings, they are close to the initial flowering stage and the cultivator should be shallow. In order to improve the quality of cultivator, it is better Cultivated in the morning.
(2) fertilizer and water management. At the time of site preparation, Mushi applied 35 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 35 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 12 kg of potassium chloride, and 35 kg of vegetable cake. The seedlings are topped with buds and smashed organic fertilizers before sowing, and 1 to 2 square centimeters per acre, 6 kg per acre of urea at the seedling stage, and 8 to 10 kg of urea per acre at the early flowering stage. Spraying 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% urea, and boron fertilizer (20 g/mu) 1 or 2 times in combination with pesticide spraying. White sesame seeds should not be drowned or watered during the whole growth period, and should be drained in time to prevent waterlogging in the event of rain in the fields.
(3) Appropriately topping. White sesame seeds are topped 30 days before harvest and can promote full sporulation and reduce nutrient consumption caused by shoots.
Fifth, pest control and disease prevention more white sesame pests, pest control of white sesame, should be the main prevention, prevention and control combination.
(1) Underground pests and seedling pests should be controlled by soil disinfection and seed treatment when white sesame seeds are sown. In addition, management should be strengthened to cultivate strong seedlings and robust plants to improve the disease resistance of sesame.
(2) Combine foliar spray fertilizer and use pesticides to control white sesame pests and diseases. After Dingmiao, use 10 ml of foliar per acre, 1.5 kg of urea, 50 to 50 ml of 50% carbendazim gel suspension, 30 ml of 40% dimethoate EC, and 50 kg of foliar sprayed water to prevent and control this stage. The diseases and insect pests can also play the role of top dressing; during the bud to flowering period of white sesame seeds, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5 kg per mu, urea 2.5 kg, foliar treasure 15 ml, and 50% carbendazim suspension 150 ml , 40% Dimethoate EC or methamidophos EC 50 ml, watered 75 kg, can effectively control the white sesame seedlings at this stage of bacterial wilt, blight, blight, and green worms, white sesame swan, blind stink bug and other diseases and pests; white sesame After flowering, spray 50% carbendazim 100ml per acre, 20% Jinggangmycin 50g, 20% enemy killing aphid 20 ~ 30ml, watering 50kg, can effectively control the white sesame late disease and insect infestation, and improve white The cold resistance of sesame.
6, timely harvest generally white sesame leaves basically fall off, the fruit turns from green to yellow, the lower part of the 2 to 3 capsules cracking when the appropriate period, after harvesting tied into small bundles to dry, after the bundles after drying, after the shoot Reheat and re-pick again.
Second, the timely sowing of sesame seeding is in the end of May to early June, when the time of rape, wheat grab the critical period, if the weather is not good, will directly affect its timely sowing, this should be a piece of a Teng Poor soil moisture before sowing, to ensure that the whole seedlings broadcast.
Pre-seeding seeds and soil treatment are the key to guaranteeing complete seedlings. Use 50% phoxim 50-100 ml per acre, add 50% carbendazim 150 ml, mix in 2 to 2.5 kg of fried wheat bran or sesame cake, simmer for 1 to 2 hours, then sprinkle in. In the sowing field, pesticides should not be mixed directly with sesame seeds, so as not to affect sprouting, and the sesame seeds will be sunned for 2 to 3 hours before sowing. If the sensation is good, 250-300 grams per acre can be sown. If the pods are poor, 500 grams per acre is sown to ensure that the whole seedling is broadcast. When sowing is carried out, wide and narrow rows (40cm20cm) or wide rows (40cm40cm) are used. Seed sowing is used for the sowing of seeds.
Third, chemical weeding chemical Weeding is divided into seedlings before and after seedlings. Before seedlings, use 50% acetochlor 100-150 ml per acre within 3 days after sowing and watering 40-50 kg to spray on the surface. Before 9:00 AM or after 5 PM, spray evenly. Do not spray it evenly. Re-spray or missed spray, if the situation is poor, but also more water, but dry broadcast rain land, not before the seedling herbicide. After the seedlings, during the period of 2 to 4 leaves of weeds, the plots with monocotyledonous weeds in the field were killed with 3.5% fine and steady 50 ml of diluted water, 40-50 kilograms per acre, spraying of stems and leaves, and dicots in the field. The weed-based plots were sprayed with 25% Huwei 60-75 ml watered 40-50 kg per acre for stem and leaf spray, single and dicotyledon mixed plots, and can be sprayed after mating with the above two agents, but The amount should be reduced appropriately.
Fourth, field management (1) seedling management, nurturing strong seedlings, timely cultivator. Strong seedlings are the basis for the high yield of sesame. Early seedlings, early seedlings, and iron seedlings should be planted in early cultivators. When the sesame seedlings grow 1st to 2nd on the true leaves, the first time the seedlings are grown, and when it grows to 3~4 pairs of true leaves, the second time the seedlings are set and the seedlings are seeded, and the seedlings should be even when the seedlings are set, generally 10,000 to 12,000 mu are left. In early sowing and high-fertility plots, 8,000 to 10,000 plants per mu are suitable. When the shovels are used for cultivating at the time of setting seedlings, they are close to the initial flowering stage and the cultivator should be shallow. In order to improve the quality of cultivator, it is better Cultivated in the morning.
(2) fertilizer and water management. At the time of site preparation, Mushi applied 35 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 35 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 12 kg of potassium chloride, and 35 kg of vegetable cake. The seedlings are topped with buds and smashed organic fertilizers before sowing, and 1 to 2 square centimeters per acre, 6 kg per acre of urea at the seedling stage, and 8 to 10 kg of urea per acre at the early flowering stage. Spraying 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% urea, and boron fertilizer (20 g/mu) 1 or 2 times in combination with pesticide spraying. White sesame seeds should not be drowned or watered during the whole growth period, and should be drained in time to prevent waterlogging in the event of rain in the fields.
(3) Appropriately topping. White sesame seeds are topped 30 days before harvest and can promote full sporulation and reduce nutrient consumption caused by shoots.
Fifth, pest control and disease prevention more white sesame pests, pest control of white sesame, should be the main prevention, prevention and control combination.
(1) Underground pests and seedling pests should be controlled by soil disinfection and seed treatment when white sesame seeds are sown. In addition, management should be strengthened to cultivate strong seedlings and robust plants to improve the disease resistance of sesame.
(2) Combine foliar spray fertilizer and use pesticides to control white sesame pests and diseases. After Dingmiao, use 10 ml of foliar per acre, 1.5 kg of urea, 50 to 50 ml of 50% carbendazim gel suspension, 30 ml of 40% dimethoate EC, and 50 kg of foliar sprayed water to prevent and control this stage. The diseases and insect pests can also play the role of top dressing; during the bud to flowering period of white sesame seeds, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5 kg per mu, urea 2.5 kg, foliar treasure 15 ml, and 50% carbendazim suspension 150 ml , 40% Dimethoate EC or methamidophos EC 50 ml, watered 75 kg, can effectively control the white sesame seedlings at this stage of bacterial wilt, blight, blight, and green worms, white sesame swan, blind stink bug and other diseases and pests; white sesame After flowering, spray 50% carbendazim 100ml per acre, 20% Jinggangmycin 50g, 20% enemy killing aphid 20 ~ 30ml, watering 50kg, can effectively control the white sesame late disease and insect infestation, and improve white The cold resistance of sesame.
6, timely harvest generally white sesame leaves basically fall off, the fruit turns from green to yellow, the lower part of the 2 to 3 capsules cracking when the appropriate period, after harvesting tied into small bundles to dry, after the bundles after drying, after the shoot Reheat and re-pick again.
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