In terms of peanut production, poor management in the middle and late stages will lead to lower peanut production, which is a factor that seriously restricts the expansion of peanut acreage.
Prevent premature aging
Peanuts from the clams to the full-fruit period are in need of water and fertilizer. Insufficient supply of water and fertilizers can cause poor plant growth, poor growth, yellow leaves, and premature senescence, resulting in reduced green leaf area of ​​peanuts, decreased photosynthetic capacity, and nutrient production. Less, the accumulation of dry matter decreases, and the speed of transportation to the pods slows, affecting production. The field of premature aging caused by lack of fertilizer should be sprayed with 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 1% urea solution per 667 square meters outside the root during fruiting period to fruiting period. The best spraying time is on sunny afternoons. After 4:00, spray once every 10 days, generally spray 2-3 times, can effectively supplement nutrients to prevent premature aging.
Anti-adult
When the peanuts are full, the vegetative growth gradually decreases, nutrients transfer to the pods, and dry matter accumulates rapidly. However, due to various factors, such as temperature, rain, light, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, peanuts stems and leaves are long, prematurely sealed, and the fields are closed. They consume large amounts of nutrients, inhibit fruit dry matter accumulation, and affect yield. Therefore, for peanuts with an imperishable trend, measures must be taken to suppress vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth, which will have a significant effect on improving peanut production.
Anti-water accumulation
Peanuts have the characteristics of “magpie heavens, not glutinous rice†and “dry ground, no needles, and wet ground and no granulationâ€. Especially in the later stages of peanut growth, the peanut field must not have accumulated water. In case of rain or continuous rain, it is necessary to drain water in time to prevent accumulation of water, so that the humidity in the field is too large, the stems and leaves are long, the soil is poorly ventilated, and the roots and pods are affected, and it is easy to cause a lot of rotten fruit or germination and reduce the yield and quality. To grow peanuts in plots with high groundwater levels, high-riding cultivation or digging drainage ditch must be implemented to reduce the water level.
Pest prevention
The most important disease in the later period of peanut is leaf spot disease. The chlorophyll in the damaged leaves is destroyed, and the light and the effect are reduced, resulting in early defoliation, affecting dry matter accumulation and fruit ripening, generally reducing production by 15%-20%, and severely reducing production by more than 40%. In terms of prevention and control, 1-2 times 1:1 300-fold Bordeaux mixture should be sprayed for prevention before onset. In the early stage of disease, 50% carbendazim WP 800 times solution can be used for prevention and treatment. The main pests in the later stages of peanuts are ground pests, which are mainly maggots, and should be controlled in time. Late locust occurrence, when the pest rate reached more than 5%, can be used 10% imidacloprid WP spray control.
Anti-weed
In the middle and late stages of peanut growth, due to the high temperature and rainfall, it is easy to breed weeds. According to the survey, many farmers mistakenly believe that late-stage weeds have little effect on the growth of peanuts and allow them to grow. In fact, weeds, especially humulus, seriously affect their ventilation and light transmission, and absorb large amounts of water and nutrients, affecting the fullness of peanuts and fruits.
Timely harvest
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