The increase of soil solution concentration caused by salt accumulation is a prominent problem that prevails in the cultivation conditions of fruit trees (such as peaches, nectarines, grapes, and strawberries, etc.) (greenhouses or greenhouses), so that the absorption of nutrients and water by fruit trees is unbalanced. As a result, a series of physiological obstacles are generated, which seriously affect the increase of fruit tree yield and fruit quality. The prevention and control measures are as follows:
1, scientific fertilization. In the facility, attention should be paid to applying fully decomposed organic fertilizers, fertilizing the soil, improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increasing the replacement capacity of the soil base, and increasing the buffer capacity of the soil. When applying chemical fertilizers, attention should be paid to the type, quantity, quality and fertilization method of chemical fertilizers. Apply some fertilizers such as superphosphate, calcium phosphate, and potassium phosphate that are not easily soluble in water and are easily adsorbed by the soil.
2, leaching irrigation. During the rainy season, the shed film is uncovered, allowing rainwater to leach into the soil or rinse with water. The plots of low-lying land, heavy soil, and poor drainage are dug ditches in the vicinity to increase the amount of drainage and use water to carry salts to distant locations. During the growth of the fruit trees, the number of irrigations and the amount of irrigation water were appropriately increased, and the remaining salt was removed by water without increasing the humidity in the facility.
3. Deeply remove salt. Fruit trees that have been planted for many years are plucked deep in the rows after the fruit is harvested. Grapes, strawberries, etc., which were planted once a year, are plunged deep before the replanting to fully mix the topsoil and reduce the salt content in the topsoil.
4, between the lines covered. Membrane cover between fruit trees to improve soil temperature, improve soil physical properties, is conducive to soil microbial activity, speed up the decomposition and transformation of soil nutrients, increase the absorption capacity of fruit tree roots, reduce the accumulation of salt.
5, biological salt removal. In the rainy season in summer, planting sudangrass that grows fast and has strong absorption capacity among fruit trees can absorb a large amount of nitrogen from the soil and remove some of the salt.
6, cultivating loose soil. By cultivating loose soil and cutting off the soil capillary, it is possible to suppress excessive salt accumulation in the soil and accumulate on the surface with water.
7, change the soil. Soil amendment through soil exchange.
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