wheat
I. Chengdu Plain Area
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is less; the amount of potash is insufficient; and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used as base fertilizer is too large.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizers; in areas with low nitrogen fertilizers, increase the total amount of nitrogen fertilizers and increase the proportion of tillers. Nitrogen fertilizer 50% -60% as a base fertilizer, 40% -50% as a tiller fertilizer; phosphorus, potassium fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Applying organic fertilizer or planting green manure overturned plots, the amount of base fertilizer can be appropriately reduced; in the year-round land of straw returning, the amount of potash fertilizer can be appropriately reduced. In areas where the soil lacks manganese, base manganese sulfate 1 kg/mu. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are: 1, the target output is more than 300 kg/mu, the application of nitrogen is 9-12 kg/mu, the phosphate is 4-6 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer is 4-6 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 200-300 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 8-11 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 3-5 kg/mu.
Second, the hilly area of ​​Sichuan
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is less; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient, and the amount of potassium fertilizer applied in neutral, acid purple soil and yellow soil is insufficient; and the application of trace element fertilizer is ignored.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizers; properly increase the total amount of nitrogen fertilizers and increase the proportion of tillers. Nitrogen fertilizer 50% -60% as a base fertilizer, 40% -50% as a tiller fertilizer; phosphorus, potassium fertilizer as a base fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizer or planting green manure overturned plots can reduce the amount of basal fertilizer. The amount of potash fertilizer was increased in the neutral, acid purple soil and yellow soil areas, and the potash fertilizer consumption in the purple soils of central Sichuan could be appropriately reduced. Zinc deficiency soil base application of zinc sulfate 1 kg / acre, lack of molybdenum field blocks using ammonium molybdate seed dressing. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was 200-300 kg/mu, the application of nitrogen was 8-11 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer was 5-6 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer was 3-5 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 200 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 7-9 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 3-4 kg/mu.
III. Southwest Sichuan Province
The main problem is that organic fertilizers are used in small quantities; partial application of nitrogen fertilizers, neglect of phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers.
It is recommended to increase the organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer combined; Shizu base fertilizer, rational application of fertilizer and top dressing; attention to the application of phosphorus, potassium and trace fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer 50% -60% as a base fertilizer, 40% -50% as a tiller fertilizer; phosphorus, potassium fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was 400 kg/mu or more, nitrogen fertilizer was 12-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer was 5-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer was 5-7 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 300-400 kg/mu, apply nitrogen fertilizer 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 4-6 kg/mu. 2. The target output is less than 300 kg/mu, apply nitrogen fertilizer 8-10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 3-4 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer 3-5 kg/mu.
IV. Basin Zhoushan District
The main problem is insufficient application of organic fertilizer; backward fertilization technology, blind fertilization is more common, and the proportion of base and recovery is unreasonable; the use of trace element fertilizer is ignored.
It is suggested that organic fertilizers should be used as the basis, and organic and inorganic compounds should be used in combination with large and medium-sized trace elements. According to the soil fertility status, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be appropriately adjusted to match the application of trace element fertilizers such as zinc fertilizers; Nitrogen fertilizers are applied in stages to adjust the amount and time of topdressing according to the condition of the seedlings; fertilizer application should be combined with high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques. Nitrogen fertilizer 50% -60% as a base fertilizer, 40% -50% for top dressing. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were all used as base fertilizers. Top dressing is applied to farmyard fertilizers. In the year-round return of straw, the amount of potash fertilizer can be reduced. In zinc-deficient fields, basic zinc sulphate is 1 kg/mu. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was 300 kg/mu or more, nitrogen fertilizer 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 5-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 4-6 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 200-300 kg/mu, 9-11 kg/mu nitrogen fertilizer application, 4-5 kg/mu phosphate fertilizer, and 3-5 kg/mu potassium fertilizer. 3. The target output is 200 kg/mu, apply nitrogen fertilizer 8-10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 3-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 2-4 kg/mu.
corn
I. Chengdu Plain Area and Chuanzhong Hill Area
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is less; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is generally low; the time and mode of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application are unreasonable; the proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are unreasonable; and the application of zinc fertilizer is less.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizer; increase the proportion and frequency of topdressing, timely top dressing; targeted zinc fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizers are generally divided into basic fertilizers, raised seedlings, and tapping manures. They are applied at the ratio of 3:2:5. Phosphorus fertilizers are applied as base fertilizers once, and potassium fertilizers and base fertilizers each have 50%. Zinc sulfate 1 kg/mu was applied to the basal fertilizer in the soil zinc deficiency area. If basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Calcareous purple soil can reduce the amount of potassium fertilizer. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. Target output 500 kg/mu or more, nitrogen fertilizer 16-20 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 5-7 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 6-7 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 400-500 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 14-16 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu. 3. The target output is 400 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 10-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 3-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 3-4 kg/mu.
Second, southwest Sichuan
The main problem is that the fertilization level is low, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers is unreasonable, the fertilization method is improper, the amount of base fertilizer is too large, and topdressing is not used adequately.
It is recommended that the total amount of fertilization be properly increased, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be coordinated, and the amount of top dressing should be increased. Nitrogen fertilizers are generally divided into basic fertilizers, raised seedlings, and tapping manures. They are applied at the ratio of 3:2:5. Phosphorus fertilizers are applied as base fertilizers once, and potassium fertilizers and base fertilizers each have 50%. In the soil zinc deficiency area, basal zinc sulfate is applied at 1 kg/mu. If basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was more than 600 kg/mu, applied nitrogen fertilizer 18-20 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 5-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 6-7 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 500-600 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 16-18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu, and potash fertilizer is 6-7 kg/mu. 3. The target output is 400-500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer is 14-16 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 5-6 kg/mu. 4. The target output is 400 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 10-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu.
III. Basin Zhoushan District
The main problem is that the level of fertilization is low, nitrogen fertilizer application is generally high, and the amount of phosphorus and potassium is generally insufficient; the use of zinc fertilizer is ignored.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizers; to stabilize the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, lightly apply Miaofei, and to re-approve attacking manure; N fertilizers are generally divided into basic fertilizers, raised seedlings and tapping manures, and applied at the ratio of 3:2:5. Phosphorus fertilizer was applied as a base fertilizer once, and 50% of the base fertilizer and the seedling fertilizer of potassium fertilizer. Zinc deficiency area base fertilizer application of zinc sulfate 1 kg/mu. If basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was over 400 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer was 14-18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer was 4-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer was 5-6 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 300-400 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer is 12-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 4-5 kg/mu. 3. The target output is less than 300 kg/mu, applying 10-12 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-5 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, and 3-4 kg/mu of potassium fertilizer.
potato
I. Chengdu Plain Area, Chuanzhong Hilly Region and Basin Zhoushan District
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is small; the application amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers combined with inorganic fertilizers, control nitrogen fertilizers, and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Low-chlorine compound fertilizers should be selected, ammonium chloride should not be used. Nitrogen fertilizer 60% -70% as the base fertilizer, 30% -40% for the top-dressing regimen; organic and phosphorous fertilizer all base application; potash 50% for the base fertilizer, 50% for budding period topdressing. In the area of ​​calcareous purple soil, increase the amount of phosphate fertilizer and reduce the amount of potassium fertilizer. If the basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. The target output was 1500 kg/mu or more, nitrogen fertilizer was 12-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer was 6-7 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer was 8-10 kg/mu. 2. The target output is 1000-1500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer is 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 6-7 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 6-8 kg/mu. 3. The target output is 1000 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer is 10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 4-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 5-7 kg/mu.
Second, southwest Sichuan
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is small; the fertilization level is low and the fertilization structure is unreasonable.
It is recommended to increase the organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer combined; control nitrogen fertilizer, increase potassium fertilizer. 60%-70% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, 30%-40% as top-dressing fertilizer; organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer are all used as base fertilizer; 50% of potash fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and 50% is used as budding period fertilizer. If the basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer. Winter potato can be added on the basis of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer 1-2 kg / mu.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were as follows: 1. Target output 2500 kg/mu, 11-13 kg/mu nitrogen fertilizer, 6-7 kg/mu phosphorus fertilizer, and 10-12 kg/mu potassium fertilizer. 2. The target output is 1500-2500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer is 9-11 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 5-6 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 8-10 kg/mu. 3. The target output is 1500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer 7-9 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 6-8 kg/mu.
Tangerine
(In the hills of Chuan area)
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer input is insufficient, the amount of fertilizer used by farmers is quite different, the proportion and timing of fertilizer application are unreasonable, and trace elements are generally lacking.
It is recommended to pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer, vigorously develop orchard green manure; optimize the application amount and time of N, P and K fertilizers; attach importance to the application of fruit fertilizer in autumn; appropriately supplement trace elements.
1. Fertilizer amount: 1-3 years young trees, each plant can apply 0.20-0.50 kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus 0.10-0.20 kilograms; adult tree generally can apply 0.50-0.60 kilograms of nitrogen per plant, phosphorus 0.20-0.30 kilograms, potassium 0.50- 0.60 kg; high-yield fruit trees, each plant can apply nitrogen 0.80-1.20 kg, phosphorus 0.30-0.60 kg, potassium 0.60-0.80 kg.
2, fertilization time: generally divided into three fertilization. The first time is basal fertilizer (picking fruit fertilizer). Before and after fruit harvesting, the early-maturing varieties can be harvested before application. The middle and late-maturing varieties can be applied within 10 days after picking; the second time is the germinating fertilizer, which is applied about 10 days before flower budding. The third time a strong fruit fertilizer can be applied twice in early June and late July. In the whole year fertilization, 50% of the total fertilization, 50%-25% of budding fertilizer, and 25%-35% of fertilized fruit were used as fertilizer.
3, fertilization methods: the use of trenching, digging points fertilization method, generally in the canopy drip line near the ditch, digging, fertilization after the cover soil. Trace elements can be used outside the root fertilizer, improve its effectiveness, such as boron-deficient soil, spraying 0.1% -0.2% borax solution at the beginning of flowering.
Rice
I. Chengdu Plain Area, Chuanzhong Hilly Region and Basin Zhoushan District
The main problem is that organic fertilizers are used in small quantities; excessive and insufficient nitrogen fertilizers coexist; improper fertilization methods.
It is recommended to increase the organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer combined; control nitrogen fertilizer, increase potassium fertilizer, increase the amount of top dressing. 40%-50% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, 50%-60% is used as tiller fertilizer; organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer are all used as base fertilizer; 50% of potash fertilizer is used as base fertilizer and 50% is classified as tiller fertilizer. Zinc sulfate was applied at 1 kg/mu in zinc-deficient areas. If basal fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer may be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were used as follows: 1. The target yield was 600 kg/mu or more. If the former crop was rape, 11-13 kg/mu nitrogen fertilizer was applied, and 3-4 kg/mu phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer 4- 5 kg/mu; if the former is wheat, apply 12-13 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-5 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, and 5-6 kg/mu of potassium fertilizer. 2. The target output is 500-600 kg/mu. If the former crop is rapeseed, apply 9-11 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, and 4-5 kg/mu of potassium fertilizer; if the former crop is wheat, use Mushi Nitrogen fertilizer 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 4-5 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer 4-5 kg/mu. 3. The target output is 500 kg/mu or less, if the former crop is rape, apply 7-9 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 2-3 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, 3-4 kg/mu of potassium fertilizer; if the former crop is wheat, apply nitrogen fertilizer 8 -10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 2-3 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer 3-4 kg/mu.
Second, southwest Sichuan
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer is small; the proportion of NPK is unbalanced.
It is recommended to increase the application of organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer; control the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer application. 40%-50% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer and 50%-60% is classified as tiller fertilizer; organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer are all used as base fertilizer; if organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced as appropriate. Promote the application of formula fertilizer.
For different yield levels, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are as follows: 1. The target output is 600 kg/mu or more, generally nitrogen fertilizer 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer 4-5 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer 5-7 kg/mu; If the former crop is vegetables, apply 6-8 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 1-3 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, and 2-4 kg/mu of potassium fertilizer. 2. The target output is 500-600 kilograms/mu, generally nitrogenous fertilizer is 8-10 kilograms/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 3-4 kilograms/mu, potash fertilizer is 4-5 kilograms/mu; if the former pot is vegetables, nitrogenous fertilizer is applied at 5-7 kilograms/ Mu, phosphate fertilizer 0-2 kg / mu, potassium fertilizer 2-3 kg / mu. 3. The target output is 500 kg/mu, nitrogenous fertilizer is 6-8 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer is 2-3 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer is 3-4 kg/mu.
chili
(Chengdu Plain Area, Chuanzhong Hilly Area)
The main problem is that the amount of organic fertilizer input is insufficient, the application amount of N, P and K is unreasonable, the proportion and timing of fertilizer application are unreasonable, and the trace elements are lacking.
It is recommended to increase organic fertilizer; optimize the application amount and period of N, P and K fertilizer; and appropriately add trace elements.
1. Fertilizer amount: 1500-2000 kilograms per mu, 15-17 kilograms of nitrogen applied in the mu, 8-10 kilograms of phosphorus, 12-14 kilograms of potassium, 1200-1500 kilograms of mu, 13-15 kilograms of nitrogen per mu, phosphorus 7- 9 kilograms, potassium 10-12 kilograms; 1200 kilograms per mu, 11-13 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer, 6-7 kilograms of phosphorus, potassium 8-10 kilograms.
2, fertilization time: open cultivation of pepper, base fertilizer can be applied organic fertilizer 2000-3000 kg / acre, and 40% -50% of nitrogen, all phosphate fertilizer, 70% -80% potash fertilizer as a base fertilizer; nitrogen fertilizer 50% -60% for Topdressing, respectively, in the budding period, the expansion of Mengmeng, Shengguo period topdressing; potash fertilizer 20% -30% during the expansion of the door pepper as top dressing application.
3. Fertilization method: 60% of the total amount of basal fertilizer is turned into soil during site preparation, and 40% is applied when planting; nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be used to match water or human waste water. Trace elements can be used outside the root dressing, to improve its effectiveness, such as spraying 0.1% -0.2% borax solution at the beginning of flowering.
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