In order to master the situation of raising pigs on the bio-fermentation bed in summer, the author has conducted investigations and studies on pig farms in some biological fermentation beds. The investigation found. All pig farms surveyed are generally reflected. During the winter and spring season, the feeding situation was good. The main manifestations were the reduction in diseases such as respiratory diseases and diarrhea in pigs and pigs, the rapid growth rate of piglets, the advance of slaughter, and the rapid decomposition and transformation of feces. There was almost no fecal odor in pig houses. And other odors. However, with the continuous use of the fermentation bed and the continuous increase in outside air temperature, especially since the summer, these farms have also exposed some issues that are worth noting.
1 Problems and Causes Analysis
1.1 Unreasonable construction of pig houses
Some farm owners use the original old pig house or old farm shed to make a simple transformation. The doors and windows of the converted pig farm are often small and small. Some newly-built bio-fermentation bed pig farms also have problems such as incomplete ventilation and dripping water and other equipment and facilities. Ventilation and cooling are not effective. When the outside temperature reaches 30 °C or more, the house is hot and stuffy. Pigs do not want to stay in the fermentation bed. Therefore, some pig farms had to drive the pig out of the piggery in the fermentation bed, so that the fermentation bed could not be effectively used. Even abandoned it.
1.2 Overstocked pigs
Some pig farms (households) are pursuing the maximization of the efficiency of the unit area and arbitrarily increasing the breeding density. The pigs produce too much excrement, far exceeding the ability of the fermentation bed to withstand degradation.
1.3 Increasing production costs
With the increasing demand for sawdust and husks, sawdust and rice husks, which were traditionally seen as rubbish, have become scarce resources, and the prices have continued to rise, rising from 400 yuan per party to 500 to 600 yuan. Rose to more than 700 yuan. Other production costs such as feed and workers’ wages have also increased.
1.4 Live pig prices continue to decline
The current sales price of live pigs has dropped from 16.46 yuan per kilogram in May last year to the current 9.5 yuan per kilogram, a drop of 42% from the same period of last year. Many pig farmers have started to lose money.
1.5 can not reflect the higher prices for better quality
The shape of the pigs raised in the piggery in the fermentation bed is less rounded and plump than the pigs raised in traditional pighouses. Therefore, at the time of sale, the price is slightly lower than the average price of the hog market in the same period.
At present, these factors have seriously affected the enthusiasm of pig farms. Some farmers are not willing to reinvest, nor pay attention to the management of the fermentation bed, resulting in a decline in the ability of the fermentation bed to be degraded. The litter is blackened, agglomerated, odorized or even broken, and the bedding layer is becoming thinner and thinner. The remaining 20 to 30 centimeters. Can not guarantee the normal fermentation of bacteria. Fermentation bed is also difficult to play a normal decomposition and transformation. In addition, the turning of the bed is not timely, incomplete or uneven, so that the beneficial microbial flora in the fermentation bed cannot fully decompose the pig manure. The fermentation bed becomes filthy. Some pigs have developed gastrointestinal diseases. If these issues can not be caused by the relevant departments attach great importance to, and take timely measures to resolve, will inevitably affect and affect the application of various areas of pig breeding technology and promotion.
2 suggestions
2.1 Improve cooling facilities as soon as possible
At the beginning of the construction of the farm, it is necessary to consider not only the winter warmth, but also the summer ventilation cooling. The pig house should be generally single-row type. The height of the pig house is 3 to 3.2 meters and it is fully opened. Bar area can be based on the size of the farm. A feed station is set up on one end of the pig house to ensure that the pig's drinking water is drained out of the fence to prevent the litter from getting wet and rotten. Both sides of the pig house should be equipped with the necessary ventilation equipment and water curtain cooling equipment as soon as possible to prevent the hot summer weather from affecting pig growth.
2.2 Always maintain proper stocking density
7 to 30 kilograms of pigs 0.8 to 1.2 square meters per head. 30 to 100 kilograms of pigs 1.2 to 1.5 square meters per head, and the rearing density in summer may be lower.
2.3 Doing day-to-day management of litter
Timely replenishment of litter and strains, ensure that the thickness of the litter is between 70 and 90 cm, and the humidity is suitable for the pigs to move without dust in the fermentation bed. Dispense the excreta evenly to the fermentation bed in time, and deepen the bedding regularly. In this way, the normal propagation of beneficial microbial flora in the fermentation bed can be ensured, the pig manure can be fully decomposed and transformed, and the environmental protection requirements for odorless and zero discharge of the pig house can be achieved.
2.4 Firmly Establish Public Environmental Protection Awareness
The low price of the live pig market is only temporary. The protection of the pigs in the fermentation bed is long-lasting and timeless. Vigorously promoting the technology of pig breeding on biological fermentation beds has not only greatly improved the farm's own environment, but it is also very useful for improving and protecting the production and living environment of rural and urban residents. It is hoped that the majority of pig farmers can proceed from the overall situation of protecting the environment and firmly establish the public environmental awareness. Stick to and apply the technology of pig breeding in the fermentation bed.
2.5 Give necessary policy support
The pig breeding technology in the biological fermentation bed is a new breed of breeding technology that has emerged in recent years. It has solved the difficult problems of livestock and poultry manure that have been plaguing people for a long time. It is a good project for the benefit of the country and the people. It is recommended that governments at all levels and relevant departments should Research and introduction of relevant support and incentive policies. Provide necessary support and support for pig breeding in biological fermentation beds. The new technology of pig-raising in the fermentation bed will be maintained and promoted for a long time. It will continue to grow and expand. It will enable people to enjoy reliable quality in the future. , Credible pork products. Make our living environment become better and better.
1 Problems and Causes Analysis
1.1 Unreasonable construction of pig houses
Some farm owners use the original old pig house or old farm shed to make a simple transformation. The doors and windows of the converted pig farm are often small and small. Some newly-built bio-fermentation bed pig farms also have problems such as incomplete ventilation and dripping water and other equipment and facilities. Ventilation and cooling are not effective. When the outside temperature reaches 30 °C or more, the house is hot and stuffy. Pigs do not want to stay in the fermentation bed. Therefore, some pig farms had to drive the pig out of the piggery in the fermentation bed, so that the fermentation bed could not be effectively used. Even abandoned it.
1.2 Overstocked pigs
Some pig farms (households) are pursuing the maximization of the efficiency of the unit area and arbitrarily increasing the breeding density. The pigs produce too much excrement, far exceeding the ability of the fermentation bed to withstand degradation.
1.3 Increasing production costs
With the increasing demand for sawdust and husks, sawdust and rice husks, which were traditionally seen as rubbish, have become scarce resources, and the prices have continued to rise, rising from 400 yuan per party to 500 to 600 yuan. Rose to more than 700 yuan. Other production costs such as feed and workers’ wages have also increased.
1.4 Live pig prices continue to decline
The current sales price of live pigs has dropped from 16.46 yuan per kilogram in May last year to the current 9.5 yuan per kilogram, a drop of 42% from the same period of last year. Many pig farmers have started to lose money.
1.5 can not reflect the higher prices for better quality
The shape of the pigs raised in the piggery in the fermentation bed is less rounded and plump than the pigs raised in traditional pighouses. Therefore, at the time of sale, the price is slightly lower than the average price of the hog market in the same period.
At present, these factors have seriously affected the enthusiasm of pig farms. Some farmers are not willing to reinvest, nor pay attention to the management of the fermentation bed, resulting in a decline in the ability of the fermentation bed to be degraded. The litter is blackened, agglomerated, odorized or even broken, and the bedding layer is becoming thinner and thinner. The remaining 20 to 30 centimeters. Can not guarantee the normal fermentation of bacteria. Fermentation bed is also difficult to play a normal decomposition and transformation. In addition, the turning of the bed is not timely, incomplete or uneven, so that the beneficial microbial flora in the fermentation bed cannot fully decompose the pig manure. The fermentation bed becomes filthy. Some pigs have developed gastrointestinal diseases. If these issues can not be caused by the relevant departments attach great importance to, and take timely measures to resolve, will inevitably affect and affect the application of various areas of pig breeding technology and promotion.
2 suggestions
2.1 Improve cooling facilities as soon as possible
At the beginning of the construction of the farm, it is necessary to consider not only the winter warmth, but also the summer ventilation cooling. The pig house should be generally single-row type. The height of the pig house is 3 to 3.2 meters and it is fully opened. Bar area can be based on the size of the farm. A feed station is set up on one end of the pig house to ensure that the pig's drinking water is drained out of the fence to prevent the litter from getting wet and rotten. Both sides of the pig house should be equipped with the necessary ventilation equipment and water curtain cooling equipment as soon as possible to prevent the hot summer weather from affecting pig growth.
2.2 Always maintain proper stocking density
7 to 30 kilograms of pigs 0.8 to 1.2 square meters per head. 30 to 100 kilograms of pigs 1.2 to 1.5 square meters per head, and the rearing density in summer may be lower.
2.3 Doing day-to-day management of litter
Timely replenishment of litter and strains, ensure that the thickness of the litter is between 70 and 90 cm, and the humidity is suitable for the pigs to move without dust in the fermentation bed. Dispense the excreta evenly to the fermentation bed in time, and deepen the bedding regularly. In this way, the normal propagation of beneficial microbial flora in the fermentation bed can be ensured, the pig manure can be fully decomposed and transformed, and the environmental protection requirements for odorless and zero discharge of the pig house can be achieved.
2.4 Firmly Establish Public Environmental Protection Awareness
The low price of the live pig market is only temporary. The protection of the pigs in the fermentation bed is long-lasting and timeless. Vigorously promoting the technology of pig breeding on biological fermentation beds has not only greatly improved the farm's own environment, but it is also very useful for improving and protecting the production and living environment of rural and urban residents. It is hoped that the majority of pig farmers can proceed from the overall situation of protecting the environment and firmly establish the public environmental awareness. Stick to and apply the technology of pig breeding in the fermentation bed.
2.5 Give necessary policy support
The pig breeding technology in the biological fermentation bed is a new breed of breeding technology that has emerged in recent years. It has solved the difficult problems of livestock and poultry manure that have been plaguing people for a long time. It is a good project for the benefit of the country and the people. It is recommended that governments at all levels and relevant departments should Research and introduction of relevant support and incentive policies. Provide necessary support and support for pig breeding in biological fermentation beds. The new technology of pig-raising in the fermentation bed will be maintained and promoted for a long time. It will continue to grow and expand. It will enable people to enjoy reliable quality in the future. , Credible pork products. Make our living environment become better and better.
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