Extraction operations in the production of traditional Chinese medicine are an important operating unit. At present, most of the extraction of medicinal materials is carried out by water extraction or alcohol precipitation. The extraction operation should be as full as possible, so it is important to select conditions and improve the equipment. The dynamic extraction process is to increase the solid-liquid phase contact by using mechanical means and using a forced circulation method to increase the specific surface area of ​​the medicinal material. The transmission of the solute in the medicinal material to the solvent in the dynamic state always maintains a relative concentration difference, so the dissolution efficiency is improved.
At present, the dynamic extraction of the solvent is a forced flow backward state from top to bottom, and a forced circulation reverse flow state from bottom to top. Dynamic extraction is worthy of promotion. It is characterized by (1) low extraction temperature and a sub-boiling state (90±5) °C. It avoids the destruction of useful ingredients caused by excessive temperature, and also partially reduces the dissolution of useless ingredients such as starch and colloidal components. (2) Extraction of the solvent under dynamics increases the dissolution and dissolution rate of the medicinal components, shortens the time, reduces the amount of solvent, and improves the leaching effect. (3) Effective use of equipment to reduce the size of the equipment. (4) Continuous production, easy to control automatically. (5) Improve the working environment and save energy. The dynamic extraction process adds a number of processes to increase equipment investment, which is more operational than traditional processes. The increase in total extract extracted results in the need for subsequent separation operations to increase the facility to ensure the effect of solid-liquid separation. Dynamic extraction has a prominent effect on the leaching of some medicinal materials such as rhizome. For other medicinal materials, such as those containing more starch, some subsequent solid-liquid separation measures should be taken. The dynamic extraction is convenient and simple for the leaching of the single medicinal materials, and the conditions for the extraction of the compound medicinal materials are to be explored. Equipment and process operations that are easy to automate with dynamic extraction are still waiting for worry?
The dynamic extraction of natural medicines in developed countries in the world has the following two advantages: First, the active ingredients of the drug are extracted and separated by a new process, which reduces the dosage of the drug and improves the therapeutic effect. The second is the development and research of the continuous process of the extraction device. From the time of feeding, the whole operation is carried out in a continuous closed environment with a high degree of automation. The dynamic extraction efficiency is 3 to 4 times that of the conventional one. The whole production process is controlled by computer, which avoids the instability of product quality caused by human factors.
The dynamic extraction of traditional Chinese medicine in China is based on the introduction and digestion of foreign production line technology, combined with the actual design and manufacture of domestic Chinese medicine production, with high automation and low energy consumption. However, at present, the extraction process of Chinese herbal medicines is mainly static extraction. The extraction of medicinal materials stays at the level of single extraction, and the efficiency is low, which belongs to gap operation and poor working conditions. The multi-energy extraction cans commonly used in the existing production are statically extracted, and the structure thereof is relatively simple, the extraction time is long, and one canister extraction requires about one production shift, and the energy consumption is also high.
It can be seen that the level of Chinese medicine production in China is very different from the world's advanced natural medicine extraction level. In addition to low extraction yield, the separation ability of active ingredients is also poor. Only a few manufacturers in China use advanced supercritical extraction, chromatography, The dynamic extraction process such as super rate has affected the position of Chinese patent medicine in the world pharmaceutical market. In view of this, experts call for: domestic Chinese medicine manufacturers should learn from the world's advanced natural medicine dynamic extraction technology to improve the technical level of Chinese proprietary medicine production.
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